运动磁偶极子感应电场的理论和实验研究  

The experimental and theoretical research on the induced electric field by moving magnetic dipole

作　　者：陈聪[1] 李定国[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学理学院,湖北武汉430033 [2]华中科技大学物理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第10期116-118,共3页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国防预研项目(51444070105JB11)

摘　　要：为研究运动磁体周围的感应电场,以物体磁性的基本模拟单元——磁偶极子为例,采用相对论电磁变换法推导了其匀速运动时产生的感应电场的计算公式,据此对磁偶极子沿磁矩方向匀速运动时产生的感应电场的空间分布特征及通过特性进行了分析.为证明分析方法的正确性,在实验室中采用特殊形状的永磁体模拟磁偶极子,当其沿磁矩方向匀速运动时测量了其周围某点感应电场的y分量随时间的变化特征.实验测得场分量的数量级与通过特性均与理论分析一致,表明所采用分析方法的正确性.Taking the basic simulation cell, i.e. magnetic dipole, for example, the induced electric field produced by a magnetic dipole which moves at a constant speed was studied based on the relativistic transform theory of electromagnetic field in order to study the induced electric field produced by a moving magnet. The distribution characteristics and the transit characteristics were analyzed when a magnetic dipole moves along its direction of magnetic moment at a constant speed. In order to test the analytical method,a special-shaped permanent magnet was used to simulate magnetic dipole in laboratory and the changing characteristics over time of the y component of the induced electric field around a spatial point have been measured when it moves along its direction of magnetic moment at a constant speed. The characteristics and the magnitude of the experimental results are fit with the theoretical analysis and validate the analytical method. The research results provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of the induced electric field generated by a moving magnet.

关 键 词：电磁学 磁偶极子 匀速运动 感应电场 相对论电磁变换 

分 类 号：O441.1[理学—电磁学]