普氏野马繁殖群放归过程中行为和应激生理应答的研究  

Physiological Response of Behavior and Stress in Breeding Group of Przewalskii Horse during Releasing Process

作　　者：于小杰[1] 胡德夫[1] 唐勇清[1] 吉晟男[1] 张永军[1] 刘刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2011年第5期58-62,共5页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"放归普氏野马及同域有蹄类水源主导的食物-空间资源利用对策研究"(30970545)

摘　　要：以2010年5月20日放归于新疆卡拉麦里有蹄类自然保护区的普氏野马繁殖群(1雄,5雌)为研究对象,对放归前后目标个体的昼间主要行为时间分配及放归前后粪便应激激素皮质醇水平进行调查研究。结果发现:①此繁殖群头马和群内母马在放归后运动行为时间分配显著增加(P<0.05),采食行为和躺休行为在放归后增加不明显(P>0.05);站醒、站休、饮水行为在放归后显著减少(P<0.05),修饰行为和其他行为在放归后减少不显著(P>0.05);头马在放归后标记行为显著减少(P<0.05)。②此繁殖群头马粪便皮质醇基础水平显著高于母马(P<0.05);与放归前粪便皮质醇平均水平相比,头马和母马均在放归后第1天出现显著差异(P<0.05)并达到峰值,头马在放归后第4天恢复至放归前水平,母马于放归后第3天恢复至放归前平均水平。了解普氏野马放归这一过程中行为变化和应激反应,有助于普氏野马放归野化工作的顺利实施,并为后续野马放归工作累积科学资料。The day time budget and fecal cortisol concentration of a breeding group of Przewalskii horse（1♂,5♀） were studied which was released in Xinjing Kalamaili ungulate nature reserve in May 20,2010.The results showed that：① Compare to pre-release,the stallion and harem moving time budget increased significantly（P〈0.05）,and the grazing and recumbent rest time increased a little（P〈0.05）;the time of standing,standing resting behavior and drinking spent decreased obviously（P〈0.05）,grooming and other behaviour decreased a little（P〈0.05）;mark excretions behaviour of stallion decreased significantly after release（P〈0.05）.② The baseline of fecal cortisol level of the stallion was higher than harem（P〈0.05）;compared to the mean cortisol level of pre-release,the cortisol concentration of the first day post-release got to the peak both stallion and harem（P〈0.05）.After release,the forth-day of stallion and the third-day of harem want back to the baseline.This study was helpful to reintroduction of Przewalskii horse and it could provide the scientific data in future research.

关 键 词：普氏野马 放归 行为 时间分配 粪便 皮质醇 

分 类 号：Q959.843[生物学—动物学]