福建梅花山国家级自然保护区常绿阔叶林的群落学特征  

The Community Characteristic of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Meihuashan National Nature Reserve of Fujian

作　　者：孔祥海[1] 李振基[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期645-650,共6页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30370275);福建省自然科学基金项目(2007J0354)

摘　　要：福建梅花山国家级自然保护区的常绿阔叶林是典型的中亚热带常绿阔叶林之一.9 600 m2样地的调查与分析表明：群落内共有维管束植物258种,其中种子植物228种,隶属于87科156属,植物的科属组成丰富.群落内区系地理成分复杂,热带与泛热带植物区系成分比例明显大于温带与泛温带区系成分,具热带亚热带性质.群落中,中小型革质、全缘、单叶、常绿、木本、高位芽植物是决定其外貌主要因素.群落成层现象明显,可分为2个乔木亚层、1~2个灌木亚层和草本层,层间植物较为丰富.通过不同区域常绿阔叶林的比较,无论区系组成与成分还是群落外貌和结构均体现了中亚热带南缘常绿阔叶林的特征.The evergreen broad-leaved forest（ELBF） is the zonal vegetation in Meihuashan National Nature Reserve（MNNR,25°15′14″~25°35′44″N,116°45′25″~116°57′33″E）.On the basis of 9 600 m2 sample plot investigation and statistical analysis,258 species of vascular plants were recorded.There were 228 species of seed plants,belonging to 156 genera and 87 families.In the flora of seed plant families and genera,the percentage value of those tropical and subtropical distribution was more than those of temperate distribution.Thus,the flora of the forest has strong tropical and subtropical characteristic.Through analyzing of life forms and leaf character spectrum,the microphylls,mesophylls,leathery,evergreen,single,and smooth margin leaves;woody phanerophytes was main factors which determine physiognomy of the EBLF in MNNR.The EBLF of MNNR manifests clear stratification,there were arbor layer,shrub layer,herbaceous layer as well as plants growing between layers.The arbor layer can be further subdivided into two recognizable sub-layers,and so does the shrub layer,in complete development community.The EBLF of MNNR show the feature of ELBF which distributes in the south of middle subtropical zone,by comparison analysis with other regions.

关 键 词：梅花山自然保护区 常绿阔叶林 植物区系 群落外貌 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学] Q145