枇杷花果冻害与若干生理生化指标的关系  

The relationship between freezing injury and physiological indexes of loquat(Eriobotrya japonica) flowers and fruits

作　　者：李靖[1] 孙淑霞[1] 谢红江[1] 陈栋[1] 涂美艳[1] 何俊涛[2] 罗旭[2] 鲍荣粉[2] 江国良[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《果树学报》2011年第3期453-457,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：四川省科技攻关计划项目(2006YZGG-07-03);国家"十一五"科技支持计划项目

摘　　要：以四川主栽品种大五星为供试材料,调查了不同立地条件、花果不同发育时期冻害的发生情况,冻害发生后测试了不同发育时期的冻害理化指标,探讨了气候因子对枇杷冻害发生的影响。利用褐变法调查冻害结果表明,不同立地条件冻害程度不同,平坝冻害比坡地冻害严重;花果不同发育时期抗冻害能力不同,强弱为:花蕾>刚开的花>花瓣脱落花萼未合拢的花>花瓣脱落花萼合拢的花;横径(≤1.0 cm)的幼果>横径(>1.0 cm)的幼果。通过对受冻花果理化指标SOD活性、脯氨酸(Pro)和MDA含量以及相对电导率的测定得出,SOD酶活性和相对电导率与坡地冻害指数间线性相关性突出,相关系数分别为-0.904 4和0.926 3,达极显著水平。影响大五星枇杷冻害的环境因子较多,当伴随霜冻、90%以上湿度、最低温度在-0.6～-1.1℃下持续3 h就有冻害发生。In this study,we investigated the frost damages in different site conditions and flowers and fruits＇ diverse developmental stages based on Dawuxing,the cultivar in Sichuan province.Physicochemical indicators of freezing injury occurred in different growing periods were tested to exploring the impact of climatic factors on loquat＇s frost damages.The results showed that the degree of damage in different site conditions was different.The freezing damage in the flatland regions was more serious than that in slopes.Flowers and fruits have different anti-freezing capability in different developmental stages,namely： bud just opened flowerpetals falling off while the calyx not shutting flowerspetals falling off and the calyx folded flowersthe young fruit with diameter less than 1.0 cmthe young fruit diameter1.0 cm.There had significant linear correlation between SOD activity and relative electric conductivity and freezing index in slopes measured by physicochemical index,SOD activity,Pro and MDA content,the relative electric conductivity SOD activity.The correlation coefficients were-0.904 4 and 0.926 3,respectively and both reached a significant level.When accompanied by frost,90% humidity,minimum temperature from-0.6 to-1.1 ℃ for 3 hours,frost damage might occur.

关 键 词：枇杷 花果冻害 理化指标 气候因子 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]