远距离台风影响下的陕西大暴雨分析  

Analysis on the Heavy Rainstorms in Shaanxi Province in Relation to Typhoon Far Away

作　　者：李明[1] 高维英 杜继稳[3] 侯建忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省气象台,陕西西安710014 [2]西安市气象局,陕西西安710016 [3]陕西省气象局,陕西西安710014

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第3期514-523,共10页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：陕西省气象局创新基金项目"远距离台风影响下的陕西大暴雨机理分析研究(2010M-5)";2011年中国气象局预报员专项"陕西区域性大暴雨典型个例预报技术总结(CMAYB2011-050)"和"西安多普勒天气雷达盲区强对流天气研究(2008M-16)"共同资助

摘　　要：应用NCEP再分析资料和常规地面观测资料,对陕西发生的3次与台风有关的大暴雨天气,从环流背景、动力、热力、水汽条件等方面综合分析。结果表明:3次过程中国大陆中东部存在高压系统,使西风槽或高原槽进入河套移动缓慢;台风主要作用是外围东风气流为河套输送大量水汽或使孟加拉湾和南海的暖湿气流向北输送。大暴雨位于850 hPa锋生中心或锋生轴线附近;高空急流轴的走向对大暴雨落区有重要作用;在地面锋区上中β尺度"Ω"系统能量比轴的暖湿气流端易激发中尺度对流云团。This paper analyzes three rainstorms in Shaanxi Province in 21st century in relation to typhoon far away.The results show that there were the high-pressure systems over central-east Chinese Mainland,they made the westerly trough or plateau trough move slowly over the Great Bend of the Yellow River,the main function of typhoon was to transport a large amount of water vapor by its easterly wind,or to obstruct warm-wet air to flow eastward and drive warm and wet air to move northward into Shaanxi Province;the 200-hPa upper jet axis trend played an important role in the heavy rainstorms;the heavy rainstorms relied on the 850-hPa frontogenesis center or nearby frontogenesis axis;the warm-wet air end of energy ratio axis of ＂Ω＂ systems in surface cold front aroused easily the mesoscale convective cloud cluster.

关 键 词：大暴雨 台风 环流背景 水汽条件 陕西 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]