口服安定预防小儿热性惊厥复发的前瞻性研究  

A prospective study on oral diazepam to prevent recurrence of febrile convulsion in children

作　　者：蔡幸生[1] 卢道奋[1] 陈若芝[1] 林育忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省揭阳市人民医院,522000

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》1999年第10期604-606,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的　探讨安定预防小儿热性惊厥（ＦＣ）复发的作用及合适的治疗剂量。方法　７７ 例ＦＣ患儿随机分成安定预防用药小剂量组、大剂量组及对照组。小剂量组当患儿发热超过３７－５ ℃时口服安定片０－２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，８ 小时后热未退再服１ 次；大剂量组将安定组用量加至０－５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，余同小剂量组；对照组仅予对症治疗。随访６ 个月至５年。结果　大、小剂量组ＦＣ复发率均少于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。小剂量组复发次数明显少于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ０－０１） ，大剂量组少于对照组（ Ｐ＜０－０５）。大、小剂量组癫痫发生率亦低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５）。而大、小剂量组间ＦＣ复发率、复发次数、癫痫发生率均无显著性差异。大剂量组副作用发生率多于小剂量组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５）。结论　安定预防小儿ＦＣ复发有效，是否能相应地减少ＦＣ 后癫痫发生率，有待进一步探讨。安定预防ＦＣ 的剂量一般以每次０－２ｍｇ／ｋｇ 为宜，用药应及时。Objective To explore the effects and approprite doses of oral diazepam which prevent recurrence of febrile convulsion(FC).Methods The seventy-seven children with FC were randomly divided into low-dose group,high-dose group and control group.Diazepam was administrated by oral with 0\^2mg/kg and 0\^5mg/kg in low-dose and high-dose groups respectively when the patients' temperature was above 37\^5℃.After 8 hours,the same dosage was administrated again,if the patients' fever hadn't subsided.The control group was treated only by symptomatic therapy.The patients were followed up from 6 months to 5 years.Results Recurrent rates of FC in high-dose group and low-dose group were 13\^04% and 16\^67% respectively,while control group was 43\^33%(P<0\^05).Recurrent times of FC were remarkable less in low-dose group than in control group(P<0\^01).Rcurrent times of FC were less in high-dose group than in control group(P<0\^05).The rates of ocurrence of epilepsy in the high-dose and the low-dose groups were 4\^3% and 4\^2% respectively,while in control group was 23\^33%(P<0\^05).But there were no difference in recurrent rates and recurrent times of FC and ocurrent rates of epilepsy between high-dose and low-dose groups(P>0\^05).The side effects were more in high-dose group than in low-dose group(P<0\^05).Conclusion Administering orally diazepam was effective to prevent recurrence of FC.It must be study if diazepam reduce occur rate of epilepsy after FC outbreak.The appropriate dose was 0\^2mg/kg every time.

关 键 词：安定 预防 惊厥 发热 儿童 

分 类 号：R720.597[医药卫生—急诊医学]