三唇线虫(Trilabiatus spp.)对食用菌菌丝的危害性研究  

Preliminary study on the harmfulness of nematode (Trilabiatus spp.) in edible mushroom mycelium

作　　者：刘奇志[1] 罗子华[1] 边勇[1] 梁林琳[1] 杨道伟[1] 汤勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,农业部生物防治重点开放实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2011年第2期335-339,共5页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家科技部资源环境技术领域863计划课题(2006AA06Z354);浙江省温州科技局项目(2009N12)

摘　　要：研究了三唇属线虫(Trilabiatus spp.)对蘑菇菌丝生长的影响,以确定其对蘑菇生产的危害性。分别在甘肃省天水市秦州区(2006年8月中下旬)和浙江省温州市苍南县(2009年8月初和2010年2月)调查有退菌现象的蘑菇菇床及基质(草粪培养料)、鉴定线虫类群、统计线虫数量、纯化三唇线虫并接种于黑木耳及双孢蘑菇斜面培养基。退菌现象严重的木耳和双孢蘑菇基质中三唇属线虫数量多;三唇线虫可在供试的两种食用菌菌丝上大量繁殖,接种2或3周后,线虫数量可分别扩增365倍和208倍;线虫的体表细菌可协助线虫加速对菌丝生长的危害,但不单独危害菌丝。三唇属线虫可造成黑木耳和双孢蘑菇菌丝过早萎缩、变黄、变褐,影响其正常发育。In order to ascertain the harmfulness of nematode（Trilabiatus spp.） in mushroom production,the effect of nematode on mushroom mycelium growth was carried out in this study.The investigation was given on nematode genera and their quantity in mushroom growing beds and substances（straw and cow dung substrate） from serious mushroom mycelium damaged areas in Qinzhou region of Tianshui City,Gansu Province（in mid and late August,2006） and in Cangnan County of Wenzhou City,Zhejiang Province（in beginning of August,2009 and February,2010）.The methods of purification of Trilabiatus spp.and their inoculation on slant medium of wood ear mushroom（Auricularia auricular） and button mushroom（Agaricus bisporus） were used for the study.The number of Trilabiatus spp.was quite large in the substrate on which the mycelium was damaged seriously.The nematode could propagate in a large number on the two kinds of mushroom mycelium.After inoculated for 2 or 3 weeks,the nematode quantity increased 365 and 208 times,respectively on the mycelium of wood ear mushroom and button mushroom.The symbacteria on the surface of nematode could only accelerate the nematode affecting mycelium growth,but would not damage themselves.The nematodes,Trilabiatus spp.can affect hypha＇s normal growth,resulting in mycelium of wood ear mushroom and button mushroom becoming dark yellow,black brown and further premature withered.

关 键 词：线虫 三唇线虫 黑木耳 双孢蘑菇 菌丝 

分 类 号：S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学]