5-硝氨基四唑高氮盐的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of 5-Nitraminotetrazole High Nitrogen Salts

作　　者：魏蕾[1] 张建国[1] 李敬玉[1] 张同来[1] 杨利[1] 周遵宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2011年第2期6-11,51,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国工程物理研究院联合基金资助项目(NSAFNo.10776002);教育部新世纪优秀人才资助计划项目(CNET-09-0051)

摘　　要：合成了5-硝氨基四唑乙二胺盐、肼盐及碳酰肼盐3种新型高氮含能盐,用缓慢蒸发溶剂法培养了5-硝氨基四唑碳酰肼盐的单晶,用元素分析、红外光谱、DSC、TG-DTG和X射线单晶衍射等方法对该化合物进行了表征。结果表明,该晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为Pn,晶胞参数a=0.373 89(1)nm,b=1.239 6(5)nm,c=0.869 9(4)nm,β=92.212(7)°,V=0.402 9 nm3;ρ=1.815 g/cm3;Z=2;F(000)=228,L=0.160 mm,R1=0.025 3,wR2=0.055 0。热分析和感度测试结果表明,在10 K/min的升温速率下,5-硝氨基四唑乙二胺盐的DSC曲线仅有一个放热峰,而5-硝氨基肼盐、碳酰肼盐的DSC曲线都是由一个吸热峰和一个放热峰组成;无残渣剩余;3种盐的机械感度较高,火焰感度较低。Three new 5-nitraminotetrazole high-nitrogen energetic salts,（NH2NH2）＋（NATZ）-·0.5H2O,（CHZ）＋（NATZ）-and（en）＋（NATZ）-,were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,infrared spectra,DSC,TG-DTG and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.The single crystal of（CHZ）＋（NATZ）-was cultured by slow evaporation method.The results show that the crystal belongs to monoclinic systhem with,Pn,a=0.37389（1）nm,b=1.2396（5）nm,c=0.8699（4）nm,β=92.212（7）°,V=0.4029nm3;ρ=1.815g/cm3;Z=2;F（000）=228,L=0.160mm,R1=0.0253,wR2=0.0550.At a heating rate of 10K/min,the thermal decomposition process of（NH2NH2）＋（NATZ）-·0.5H2O consists of one endothermic peak without residues,while the others consist of one endothermic peak and one exothermic peak.The sensitivity properties showed that the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity were higher,while the flame sensitivity was lower.

关 键 词：物理化学 5-硝氨基四唑盐 分子结构 热分析 非等温反应动力学 感度性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O643[理学—物理化学]