巨灾后人口重建的路径分析——以汶川大地震重灾区为例  

On the Ways of Population Reconstruction after Catastrophe:A Case Study of Seriously Destroyed Regions in Wenchuan Earthquake

作　　者：杨成钢[1] 张笑秋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学人口研究所,四川成都610074 [2]湖南科技大学管理学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第3期63-66,共4页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目:汶川地震灾后重建的人口问题(09ARK001);西南财经大学211工程三期优势学科建设项目:人口资源环境经济学(211D3Y03)

摘　　要：巨灾导致人口数量、质量与结构失衡,应根据巨灾的性质和破坏情况,因地制宜,选择人口外迁、迁入或出生人口以进行人口数量重建。人口质量重建则主要借助于以下四条路径:通过全面康复提高残疾人口的社会参与能力,通过孕前、孕期医疗支持减少先天缺陷新生儿的出生,通过心理援助、恢复和扩展社会支持网络缓解受灾人口的心理压力,通过重建校舍提高人口的文化素质。人口结构重建则在改善灾民可持续生计的前提下,依赖政府的政策与规划,实现人口结构的优化调整。The catastrophe results in the imbalance of population quantity,population quality and population structure.In order to balance the population quantity,outmigration,immigration and birth should be taken into consideration according to the character of catastrophe and destruction,that is,improving the ability of social participation about the disabled by the comprehensive rehabilitation,decreasing the birth defects by the medical support of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy,easing the psychological pressure by psychological assistance and the restoration and expansion of social support web,and rebuilding the schools to enhance the population quality.In terms of population structure,taking the sustainable livelihood of victims as the premise,the related policies and plans are essential in order to optimize the population structure.

关 键 词：汶川大地震重灾区 人口重建 巨灾 

分 类 号：C92-0[社会学—人口学]