沿淮地区玉米干物质和氮磷钾积累研究  

Study on the Dry Matter of Z. mays L. and N,P,K Accumulation along Huaihe River

作　　者：王世济[1] 阮龙[1] 王俊[1] 武文明[1] 陈洪俭[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院玉米研究中心,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第13期7648-7649,7932,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA6B04);安徽省玉米振兴计划项目

摘　　要：[目的]研究沿淮地区玉米（Zea maysL.）干物质和氮磷钾吸收积累的规律。[方法]于玉米出苗后20（拔节期）、32（大喇叭口期）、43（抽雄期）、59（抽雄后15 d）、74（抽雄后30 d）、104 d（收获期）共6个时期采集植株样品,测定干物质及氮磷钾含量。[结果]玉米地上部分（包括籽粒）最大干物质积累量为19 395.0 kg/hm2,籽粒产量为9 225.0 kg/hm2。出苗后21~74 d是玉米干物质的主要积累时期。氮磷钾的最大吸收量分别为189.4、141.6和324.6 kg/hm2,每生产100 kg籽粒吸收的N、P2O5、K2O分别为2.05、1.53、3.52 kg。[结论]从玉米氮磷钾的吸收量和吸收进程来看,在沿淮地区,肥料管理上要施足基肥,早追氮肥,这对该区玉米的合理施肥和提高玉米产量有重要的指导意义。[Objective] The research aimed to study the law of the dry matter of Z.mays L.and N,P and K accumulation along Huaihe Revier.[Method] Samples of Z.mays L.were collected at 20（elongation stage）,32（large bell stage）,43（tasselling stage）,59（15 d after tasselling）,74（30 after tasselling）,104 d（harvest stage） after seedling,then determined the dry matter and N,P and K content.[Result] The results showed that the most accumulation of dry matter of Z.mays L.above-ground（including kernel） was 19 395.0 kg/hm2,kernel yield was 9 225.0 kg/hm2.The main accumulation stage of Z.mays L.dry matter was 21-74 d after seedling.The N,P and K most accumulation of Z.mays L.was 189.4,1.6,4.6 kg/hm2 respectively,and the number of accumulative N,P2O5 and K2O was 2.05,1.53,3.52 kg respectively when producing 100 kg kernel.[Conclusion] It is necessary to apply full base fertilizer and early apply additional N fertilizer along Huaihe Revier according to the accumulation amount and process of N,P and K.This can provide the guidance for the reasonable applying fertilizer of Z.mays L.and promoting its yield along Huaihe Revier.

关 键 词：玉米 干物质 氮 磷 钾 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]