双台河口自然保护区丹顶鹤春季迁徙停歇地生境选择  

Stopover Habitat Selection of Red- Crowned Crane During Spring Migration in Shuangtaihekou Nature Reserve

作　　者：金洪阳[1] 郝萌[1] 杨玉成 邹红菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]辽宁省双台河口自然保护区,盘锦124100

出　　处：《野生动物》2011年第3期136-140,共5页

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2008BAD B0B01);国家教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划;国家林业局野生动物保护管理资助项目

摘　　要：2009年3月,采用样线法、样点法对辽宁双台河口自然保护区内迁徙停歇的丹顶鹤进行观察监测,确认并用GPS定位其停歇地;通过样方法、因子测定法进行对其停歇生境进行实地测量与分析。结果表明:(1)芦苇沼泽是丹顶鹤主选的停歇生境,占到96.4%;(2)丹顶鹤停歇地与火烧地的距离小于25 m,在火烧地边缘活动,或者停在火烧地中;(3)丹顶鹤一般会选择油井距离大于1 km处作为停歇地(100%);(4)丹顶鹤距明水面的距离较近,便于获取食物与水等;(5)频繁区对丹顶鹤影响明显。影响丹顶鹤的停歇地选择的因素既有自然因素如植被环境和明水面,也有人为因素如火烧和油井乃至道路。针对不同因素的空间分布,丹顶鹤的迁徙停歇地选择也具有一定的选择性。In March 2008 and 2009,we monitored and observed red - crowed cranes（Grus japonensis） at Liaoning Shuang-tianhekou Nature Reserve by transect sampling,point sampling,and ing GPS to record crane locations.We quantified and analyzed habitat use.Reed marsh was the most frequently used habitat type,accounting for 96%of recorded cranes.The distance from stopover sites to burned areas was less than 25 m and cranes occupied burned areas and the edges of burned areas.Cranes always selected stopover sites1 km from oil wells.Stopover sites were most often near water bodies where cranes foraged or drank.Stopover site selection was affected human disturbance factors.Factors influencing crane selection of stopover sites included natural factors such as distance from lakes and vegetation type,and human disturbance factors such as anthropogenic fire,oil wells and roads.

关 键 词：丹顶鹤 迁徙停歇地 生境选择 春季迁徙期 辽宁双台河口自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]