棕黑锦蛇染色体核型和Ag-NORs研究  

Studies of Karyotype and Ag - NORS of the Rat snake

作　　者：汪玉茹[1,2] 周正彦[2] 李丕鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西科技师范学院,南昌330038 [2]沈阳师范大学两栖爬行动物研究所,沈阳110034

出　　处：《野生动物》2011年第3期151-153,共3页

摘　　要：初步研究了吉林长白山地区的棕黑锦蛇染色体核型及Ag-NORs特征,并与已经报道的安徽产赤峰锦蛇有关特征进行对比。结果表明,吉林长白山地区的棕黑锦蛇染色体2n=36,由8对大型染色体和10对微小染色体组成,可分为A、B和C3组,性染色体属于ZZ/ZW型,Ag-NORs也都位于1对微小染色体上。棕黑锦蛇仅在第8对和W染色体的相对长度和臂比值上与赤峰锦蛇有差异,染色体其他特征,包括数目、形态、染色体类型等,在2蛇之间基本一致。锦蛇属染色体属名变化较大,但多数种类2n=36。棕黑锦蛇和赤峰锦蛇染色体数目相同,且仅在第8对和W染色体上有差异,由于核型存在地理多态性,单纯依据上述差异尚不能为这2种蛇的分类提供充足的证据。今后,除继续对不同地理分布的棕黑锦蛇和赤峰锦蛇的染色体进行研究外,对棕黑锦蛇和赤峰锦蛇的分类问题还需要从整合分类学角度进行深入研究。Our research objective was to clarify the taxonomic relationship of Elaphe schrenckii and E.anomala,two rat snakes whose ranges are thought to overlap in China.We compared the karyotype and Ag - NORs characteristics of the rat snake Elaphe schrenckii collected in Changbai County,Jilin province,northeast China with those of E.anomala collected in Anhui province, central China.The chromosome number of E.schrenckii was 2n =36,comprised of 8 pairs of macrochromosomes and 10 pairs of microchromosomes,and divisible into A,B and C groups.Sex chromosomes were of the ZZ/ZW type,and Ag - NORs were located on the same position of a pair of microchromosomes.These characteristics were shared with E.anomala reported previously. The differences between E.schrenckii and E.anomala were found only in chromosome pair 8 and W chromosomes with respect to relative lengths and ratios of length to arm.Although chromosome numbers differ among snakes of the genus Elaphe, most are 2n = 36,as was the case for both E.schrenckii in our study and E.anomala.We were unable to provide sufficient evidence for separation of E.schrenckii and E.anomala at the species level because the high degree of regional polymorphism in the karyotype of rat snakes.Additional integrated studies will be needed to clarify the taxonomy of E.schrenckii and E.anomala. Samples of E.schrenckii and E.anomala should be collected from widely separated geographic areas.

关 键 词：棕黑锦蛇 赤峰锦蛇 核型 分类 中国 

分 类 号：Q343.2[生物学—遗传学]