红皮梨新品种高接换种最佳树形的筛选研究  

Study on Optimum Tree Canopy Type Selection in High Position Grafted New Red Peeled Pear Cultivars

作　　者：申仲妹[1] 马光跃[1] 陈红玉[1] 张金梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2011年第5期434-436,共3页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院科技攻关项目(YGG1025)

摘　　要：红皮梨新品种高接换种采用3种树形,分别为高干开心形、篱壁形、疏散分层形,应用树冠分格方法,在萌芽前对3种树形的接穗总数、不同层次接穗生长量及占有率进行对比研究,并在生长季研究3种树形不同层次相对光照强度的差异。结果表明:高干开心形为红皮梨新品种高接换种最佳树形,该树形接穗总数大于100个,新梢生长量为53.17 cm,粗度为1.14 cm。从水平位置看,位于51～100 cm处接穗占有率最高,为69.16%;从高度位置看,位于101～150 cm处接穗占有率为55.14%。相对光照低于30%的占树冠体积空间最小的是高干开心形,为36.0%,高干开心形树体除50～100 cm处内膛受光较弱外,其余部位接受光照良好。Three tree canopy types, of the modified open centre tree shape, crown canopy and over crown canopy respectively, of high position grafted new red peeled pear euhivars were studied with the method of division in canopy to compare the total scion number, mass growth rate and occupation ratio of scion at all tiers of the three tree, canopy types in the growing season. The results showed that the optimum tree canopy type was the modified open centre tree shape after high position grafted new red peeled pear cultivar, in which there were more than 100 scions, shoots mass growth of 53.17 cm and shoots thickness 1.14 cm. For the horizontal, the occupation ratio of the scion was the highest 69.16% between 51 - 100 cm. As for the canopy height, the occupation ratio of the scion was 55.14% between 101 - 150 cm. The relative light intensity in canopy volume in the modified open centre tree shape was the lowest 36.0%, and the rest parts could accept better light except 0 - 50 cm of the horizontal in 50 - 100 cm of high position.

关 键 词：红皮梨 新品种 嫁接 树形 

分 类 号：S661.205.9[农业科学—果树学]