珊瑚共生虫黄藻密度的季节变化及其与珊瑚白化的关系--以大亚湾石珊瑚为例  

Seasonal patterns of densities of symbiotic zooxanthellae in scleractinian corals from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, and relation to coral bleaching

作　　者：李淑[1] 余克服[1] 陈天然[1] 施祺[1] 陈特固[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2011年第2期39-45,共7页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05080300);国家自然科学基金项目(40830852、41025007);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB815905);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB19B03);中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室开放研究基金项目(MSGL09-01)

摘　　要：定量分析了2006年6月、2007年8月和2008年2月采自南海北部大亚湾海域的共8科、13属、23种170个石珊瑚样品的共生虫黄藻密度,探讨了石珊瑚共生虫黄藻密度的季节变化及其与珊瑚白化的关系。结果显示,所有珊瑚种属的共生虫黄藻密度都显示出明显的季节性波动,总体上夏季低、冬季高(约为夏季的2倍),是海表水温和太阳辐射协同作用的结果。夏季大规模的珊瑚白化(热白化)可能是珊瑚共生虫黄藻密度逐渐降低(排出)到一定阈值的外观表征,而非突发的生态现象;冬季珊瑚白化(冷白化)则可能是极端低温直接致珊瑚死亡,进而快速排出虫黄藻的突发现象;高共生虫黄藻密度对冬季低温乃至极端低温条件下的珊瑚生存起到一定的保护作用。The densities of symbiotic zooxanthellae from 170 coral samples（with twenty-three species,thirteen genus,and eight families） collected during different seasons in Daya Bay,northern South China Sea,were analyzed in order to investigate seasonal variation of zooxanthellae density and its relationship to coral bleaching.The results showed that the density of zooxanthellae in all coral species had significant seasonal characters,with lower density in summer and proximately 2-fold higher density in winter.Coral symbiotic zooxanthellae density was mainly affected by seasonal fluctuation of sea surface temperature（SST） and solar radiation.It was speculated that coral bleaching（hot bleaching in summer） be the cause of the appearance features of coral when zooxanthellae density was reduced to a certain lower threshold,whereas coral cold bleach-ing happened in winter was associated with mortality that corals were directly killed by extremely low SST.High levels of zooxanthellae density in winter probably play an important role in protecting coral from low SST stress.

关 键 词：石珊瑚 虫黄藻密度 季节变化 珊瑚白化 大亚湾 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学] P76[天文地球—海洋科学]