重金属铜污染对石珊瑚生长影响的实验研究  

Experimental study of the impact of heavy metal copper on reef coral growth

作　　者：周洁[1,2] 余克服[1,2] 李淑[1,2] 陈天然[1,2] 赵美霞[1,2] 施祺[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2011年第2期57-66,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(200705026);国家自然科学基金项目(40830852、41025007);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB815905)

摘　　要：分布于热带海洋的珊瑚礁是重要的生态学资源。受全球环境变化和人类活动的影响,珊瑚礁正处于退化之中,其中重金属污染是人类活动影响珊瑚礁的重要方面。国际上不少研究初步探索了珊瑚对一定浓度重金属的响应,我国类似的研究尚不多。本文通过72h的急性毒性测试,研究重金属Cu2+污染对6科7属石珊瑚的影响,以了解重金属污染对石珊瑚所造成的伤害和石珊瑚对Cu2+污染的生态反应。实验结果显示,随着Cu2+浓度的增加,与珊瑚共生的虫黄藻密度呈现先短暂上升而后持续下降的趋势,直致珊瑚白化;Cu2+污染对块状滨珊瑚毒性影响最大,在浓度超过40.7μg.L?1时即致其死亡。Cu2+污染胁迫下所有试验珊瑚的触手伸展活动都出现异常,显示Cu2+污染对珊瑚生存有明显的影响。Coral reefs are among the most productive and diverse ecosystem on Earth and provide a multitude of valuable ecosystem services.However,such a valuable ecosystem is in severe decline globally because of climate warming and increase of anthropogenic activities.A few studies have demonstrated that human-induced metal pollution has vital effects on reef cor-als by stressing their symbiotic zooxanthellae growth.For the purpose of understanding the symbiotic zooxanthellae respond-ing to metals,we carried on a 72h-expermental study by exposing reef corals to different levels of copper（Cu） concentrations,observed corals’ responses to Cu pollution,and measured the zooxanthellae densities.The results show that：（1） along with the increase of copper concentration in the seawater,the coral zooxanthellae density increases at first and then continuously de-crease,until bleached;（2） high Cu2＋ concentration has severe impact on the survival of reef corals and massive Porites would die shortly after exposing to an extremely high level（40.7μg.L？1） of Cu2＋;and（3） the Cu2＋ injured corals stimulated slime secretion at first,and then their tentacle lost activity and appeared bleaching.This study suggests copper pollution has sig-nificant impact on the survival of reef corals.

关 键 词：石珊瑚 铜污染 急性毒性 虫黄藻密度 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]