249株流感嗜血杆菌的分离与耐药性分析  

Analysis on Isolation and Antibiotic Resistance of 249 Strains of Haemophilus influenzae

作　　者：曹敏晖[1] 曹友德[1] 李浩[1] 蔡瑞云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人民医院,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2011年第4期713-715,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解流感嗜血杆菌(Hi)的检出状况与耐药情况,指导临床合理用药。方法统计分析2007-2010年我院Hi的分离与耐药情况。结果在1 052份痰及咽拭子标本中分离出Hi 210株,在242份胆汁标本中分离出Hi16株,在203份胸腹水标本中分离出Hi 12株,在163份眼、耳拭子标本中分离出Hi 11株。体外药敏结果显示Hi对复方磺胺甲恶唑耐药性最高为63.5%,氨苄西林次之为46.2%,而对阿莫西林/棒酸、利福平、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、亚氨培南敏感,耐药率≤2.0%。结论 Hi在呼吸道标本中的检出率最高,眼、耳拭子标本中次之,在胆汁、胸腹水中亦有检出。建议眼、耳拭子及胆汁、胸腹水标本作细菌培养时也应同时接种哥伦比亚血平板(COS)、淋球菌选择性平板(VCA)及嗜血杆菌选择性平板(HAE),Hi感染的治疗应首选复方阿莫西林、头孢二代或三代类抗生素。Objective To investigate the isolation rate and antibiotic resistance rate of Haemophilus influenzae,and to guide the rational use of antibiotic therapy in clinical practice. Methods The data about the isolation rate and antibiotic resistance rate of Haemophilus influenzae from 2007 to 2010 were analyzed with SPSS11.0 statistical software. Results Totally 210 strains of Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from 1,052 specimens of sputum and pharyngeal secretion,16 strains isolated from 242 bile specimens,12 strains isolated from 203 hydrothoraxs specimens,and 11 strains isolated from 163 specimens of eye or ear secretion.In vitro drug-sensitivity test showed that the resistance rate of Haemophilus influenzae to trimethoprime sulfanomides was the highest（63.5%）,followed by ampicillin（46.2%）.But the resistance rates to amoxicillin/clavalanic acid,rifampicine,cefuroxime,cefotaxime and imipenem were very low（≤2.0%）. Conclusions Heamophilus influenzae could be isolated from the secretions of respiratory track,eye,ear,bile,and hydrothoraxs.It is necessary that using COS,VCA f-lat,and HAE while performing bacterial culture of the secretions of eye,ear,bile,and hydrothoraxs.The therapy of Heamophilus influenzae infection should choose the antibiotics,such as amoxicillin/ clavalanic acid,cefuroxime and cefotaxime.

关 键 词：流感嗜血杆菌 耐药性 药物敏感试验 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]