地下滴灌田间管网灌水质量对土壤物理特性差异的响应  

Responses of Irrigation Quality of Field Network to Different Soil Physical Properties in Subsurface Drip Irrigation

作　　者：李刚[1] 王晓愚[1] 白丹[2] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2011年第5期5-8,11,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50979089;50549018);塔里木大学校长基金自然科学项目(TDZKBS1001)

摘　　要：压力水头偏差率和滴头流量偏差率是评价微灌灌水质量的重要指标。在试验与地下滴灌毛管水力计算数学模型的基础上,建立了地下滴灌田间管网水力计算数学模型。利用该模型,分析了地下滴灌田间管网灌水质量对土壤物理特性差异的响应。结果表明,由于土壤物理特性对地下滴灌滴头流量的制约作用,致使地下滴灌田间管网压力水头与滴头流量偏差率比地表滴灌的要小,说明地下滴灌灌水质量优于地表滴灌;土壤质地、密度和初始含水率对田间管网灌水质量指标值的影响不显著,土质越重,土壤密度和初始含水率越大,田间管网压力水头与滴头流量偏差率越小,灌水质量越好。Pressure head deviation rate and emitter flow deviation rate are two important indexes for evaluating irrigation quality of micro-irrigation.The numerical simulation model for field network in subsurface drip irrigation（SDI） is built based on experiments and the mathematical model on hydraulic calculation of SDI lateral.Using this model,the influences of soil physical properties on hydraulic characteristics and irrigation quality of SDI field network can be analyzed.The results show that pressure head deviation rate and flow deviation rate of SDI field network are lower than that of drip irrigation（DI） because of restrictive effects of soil physical properties on SDI emitter discharges.So irrigation quality of SDI is better than that of DI.The effects of soil texture,soil bulk density,and initial soil water content on irrigation quality of SDI field network are not significant.The finer soil texture,higher soil bulk density,higher initial soil water content and the lower pressure head and flow deviation rates can get better irrigation quality of SDI field network.

关 键 词：地下滴灌 田间管网 压力水头偏差率 流量偏差率 土壤物理特性 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程] S275.6[农业科学—农业工程]