我国医疗风险的研究要素和范畴  

The Essentials and Categories of Healthcare Risk Research in China

作　　者：陈校云[1] 孙纽云[2] 林琳[1] 梁铭会[3] 余中光[4] 高光明[5] 吕晓颖[4] 李宏霞[6] 

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院质量监督管理办公室,北京100029 [2]卫生部医院管理研究所医疗安全与风险管理中心,北京100083 [3]卫生部医院管理研究所,北京100083 [4]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京100029 [5]卫生部医疗服务监管司,北京100044 [6]北京中医药大学第一临床医院,北京100700

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2011年第5期479-482,共4页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

基　　金：卫生部医院管理研究所医疗风险管理和预警监测系统研究基金资助

摘　　要：目的医疗风险是近年来各国医学界普遍关注的问题,随着我国医疗安全不良事件和医疗纠纷数量的逐年增加,有关医疗风险的研究文献快速增长,但对医疗风险的要素与范畴缺乏研究。本文通过分析近十年来国内相关文献中医疗风险的概念和所研究的具体内容,总结医疗风险的研究要素和范畴,为我国医疗风险管理提供决策依据和政策建议。方法计算机检索CNKI(1999～2010),纳入题名中包含"医疗风险"的文献,采用要素分解和频次统计方法分析归纳我国医疗风险研究要素和范畴。结果本研究共纳入文献255篇,其中B级26篇(占10.20%),C级6篇(占2.35%),D级223篇(占87.45%);但其中仅有79篇文献(占35.11%)对医疗风险进行了明确定义。我国医疗风险的研究要素包括医疗风险的对象、后果、过程和原因。我国医疗风险的研究范畴包括风险防范和处理,成因和影响因素,分担机制,专科疾病医疗风险,概念和内涵,特点,教育和培训,国内外管理经验,管理制度和流程,管理、预警体系和评估模型,医疗机构内部管理实践,现状,管理方法,医疗器械风险,医疗风险种类、对象、范畴、调查研究方法等。结论目前国内医疗风险研究侧重于风险控制,从结果上探讨如何化解风险,多为就事论事,研究缺乏系统性,深度不够;对医疗风险的界定还未形成统一认识。因此建议:①应加强国内医疗风险研究的系统性;②规范对医疗风险含义的认识;③积极开展医疗风险的预警、监测与评估、以及实践性探索,以期为建立适用于我国国情的医疗风险管理体系提供证据支持和决策依据。Objective Healthcare risk has become a popular topic in medical research field all over the world.With the increasing of healthcare safety adverse events and medical conflict cases every year,publications about this topic have been rapidly increased in China,but research on the essentials and categories of healthcare risk are still lacked.This paper aims to summarize the essentials and categories of healthcare risk research systematically through analyzing domestic studies in healthcare risk over the past decade,so as to provide decision-making evidences and policy suggenstions on healthcare risk management in China.Methods We searched the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database of CNKI（1999-2010）,in which those papers＇ title containing the phrase of healthcare risk had been brought into our research,then we summerized the domestic concepts and contents in healthcare risk by essential analysis and frequency statistics.Results 255 papers were included,including 26 Class B papers（accounting for 10.20%）,six Class C papers（accounting for 2.35%） and 223 Class D papers（accounting for 87.45%）;but there were only 79 papers（accounting for 35.11%） which had a clear definition of healthcare risk.From these papers,we found the essentials of healthcare risk included object,consequences,process and causes,and the research category of healthcare risk included prevention and treatment of risk,causes and effects of factors,risk sharing mechanisms,healthcare risk of special diseases,concept and characteristics,education and training,management method,risks of medical appliances,the species and object of healthcare risk,the category of healthcare risk,the research methods of healthcare risk etc.Conclusion At present,the study of healthcare risk focuses on the risk control and how to release risks from the results,besides,systematic studies are lacked,and the unified definition of healthcare risk has not been formed,Therefore,we recommend that systematic study of the healthcare risks should be streng

关 键 词：医疗风险 要素 范畴 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]