过程控制剂对机械合金化制备Cu-Cr纳米晶的影响  

Influence of process control agents on Cu-Cr nanocrystalline by mechanical alloying

作　　者：王德宝[1] 吴玉程[1] 于福文[1] 王文芳[1] 解挺[2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学摩擦学研究所,合肥230009

出　　处：《材料科学与工程（中英文版）》2008年第1期28-33,共6页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：本课题得到安徽省“十五”二期科技攻关项目（项目编号：040020392）、合肥市重点科技攻关项目（项目编号：20051044）和安徽省自然科学基金（项目编号：070414180）的资助.

摘　　要：采用机械合金化工艺制备了Cu一5％Cr（质量分数）纳米晶粉末，运用激光粒度仪、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和显微硬度计等实验手段研究了不同过程控制剂封机械合金化过程中粉末粒度，微观形貌，组织结构和显微硬度的影响。结果表明：当采用液体过程控制剂－无水乙醇和溶剂汽油时，所制备的粉末粒度与硬脂酸作为过程控制剂时相比较小，但由于液体过程控制剂增加了磨球运动时的阻力，从而导致了粉末晶粒细化效果减弱，同时晶格畸变减轻和显微硬度降低。在以硬脂酸为过程控制剂，球磨40小时，粉末晶粒达到11．2nm，晶格畸变为0．293％，微观硬度达到352HV。采用溶剂汽油为遏程控制剂时，由于存在较强的静电排斥力，有利于球磨过程中粉末的分散，封粉末粒度的细化效果优于无水乙醇。Cu-5%Cr nanocrystalline powders were synthesized via mechanical alloying, and its sizes, microstructures, micrographs and microhardness were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and microhardness tester. The results indicated that particle size smaller when liquid process control agent--absolute ethyl alcohol and solvent gasoline can he used compared with stearic acid. However, the effects of grain refinement, microstrain and microhardness of powder were reduced because liquid process control agent increased the friction resistance of balls movement. When process control agent was stearic acid, the crystalline size could reach 11.2nm, the crystalline distortion attained to 0.293% and microhardness was 352HV after ball milling 40 hours. Solvent gasoline can be used as a useful process control agent in the aim of particle size refinement effect better than absolute ethyl alcohol because of its better electrostatic repulsive-force, which was in favor of dispersing of powders during milling process.

关 键 词：过程控制剂 机械合金化 Cu—Cr纳米晶 

分 类 号：TB[一般工业技术]