某汽车制造企业职业危害特点与管理对策  

Characteristics of Occupational Hazards and Management Strategies in An Automobile Manufacturing Enterprise

作　　者：张晓玲[1] 叶明宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,南京市210009

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第9期961-966,共6页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过对某汽车制造企业竣工验收前职业病危害因素检测资料的分析,评价职业病危害控制效果,找出职业危害特点,提出职业卫生管理对策。方法采用职业卫生现场调查和职业卫生检测方法。结果电焊烟尘、锰尘、二甲苯、乙酸丁酯浓度以及噪声声级超标,是主要职业病危害因素。50%（9/18）的焊接检测岗位电焊烟尘危害作业分级为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级,56%（15/27）的焊接检测岗位锰尘危害作业分级为Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级;噪声测量岗位危害作业分级为Ⅰ~Ⅲ级;高温危害作业分级为Ⅰ。结论该汽车制造企业职业病危害因素超标严重,应改革生产工艺和引进先进设备,加大职业卫生经费投入,以减少职业病的发生。[Objective]To analyze the detection data of the occupational hazards before final acceptance of an automobile manufacturing enterprise,to evaluated the effectiveness of occupational hazards control,and put forward management strategies.[Methods]Occupational health field investigation and occupational health detection method were applied.[Results]Concentrations of welding fume,manganese dust,xylene and noise level exceeded standards,they were the main occupational hazards.Welding fume classification of occupational hazards in 50%（9/18） welding-exposed positions were classⅠand II;56 %（15/27） were classⅡand Ⅲ.Classification of occupational hazards in noise-exposed position were classⅠ～Ⅲ.Occupational hazards in heat stress-exposed position were identified as class I.[Conclusion]Occupational hazards in this automobile manufacturing enterprise exceeded standards seriously.It is necessary to reform the production process,to add advanced equipment and to increase occupational health investment so as to reduce the incidence of occupational diseases.

关 键 词：汽车制造 职业病危害因素特点 管理对策 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]