步兵摩托化进驻4300m高原半年内习服状况评价  

Altitude acclimatization for motorized infantry entering 4 300 m area within half a year

作　　者：刘燕[1,4] 赵群[2] 王福领[3] 刘福玉[4] 罗勇军[4,5] 蒋春华[4,5] 李潇潇[1,4] 高钰琪[4,5] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学高原军事医学系,卫生勤务学教研室,重庆400038 [2]92426部队卫生科,山东青岛266405 [3]新疆军区阿里军分区医疗站,西藏阿里859000 [4]第三军医大学高原军事医学系,高原医学教育部重点实验室,全军高原医学重点实验室,重庆400038 [5]第三军医大学高原军事医学系,病理生理学与高原生理学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2011年第9期874-877,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAR85B01)~~

摘　　要：目的调查步兵摩托化进驻4 300 m高原1周至半年习服状况,分析影响习服的主要因素。方法整群抽取从海拔1 400 m驻地摩托化进驻4 300 m地区1周[109人,(19.71±1.46)岁]、1个月[122人,(19.63±1.29)岁]和半年[127人,(20.45±1.60)岁]的步兵为研究对象,以平原士兵为对照[358人,(19.66±1.55)岁]。测量脉搏(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、最大摄氧量(VO2m ax)、血红蛋白(Hb),进行急性高原病症状评分,依据国家军用标准G JB4301-2002进行高原习服状况评价。结果从海拔1 400 m摩托化进驻4 300 m高原士兵1周初步习服者占84.40%;1个月基本习服者占90.16%;6个月达到完全习服者占88.98%。进驻高原1周和1个月未达到初步习服(15.6%)和基本习服(9.84%)的主要因素是HR和SBP高出标准规定的水平,进入高原半年后未达到完全习服标准(11.02%)的中主原因是Hb偏高,其中2人(1.57%)发生红细胞增多症(Hb≥210 g/L)。HR:初步习服和基本初习服阶段均显著高于平原对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著低于初步基习服和基本初习服阶段(P<0.05)。SBP:初步习服阶段与基本习服阶段显著高于平原对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著低于对照、初步习服阶段与基本习服阶段(P<0.05)。DBP:各习服阶段均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。Hb:各习服阶段均显著高于对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著高于初步习服阶段和基本习服阶段(P<0.05)。VO2max:基本习服组和完全习服组显著低于对照(P<0.05)。结论由1 400 m驻地摩托化进驻4 300 m高海拔地区士兵大多能较好地习服高原环境,在初步习服阶段应重点采取改善心血管功能的措施以提高习服水平,进驻较长时间(半年)则应着重预防高原红细胞增多症,并采取综合措施提升高原官兵健康水平。Objective To evaluate high altitude acclimatization of motorized infantry who entering an area of 4 300 m high altitude for 1 week to 6 months in order to provide reference of health service for highland troops.Methods A total of 358 motorized infantries who entered an altitude of 4 300 m from 1 400 m for about 1 week（n=109,19.71±1.46 years old）,1 month（n=122,19.63±1.29 years old）,and half a year（n=127,20.45±1.60 years old） were selected by cluster sampling.Another 358 age-matched men（19.66±1.55 years old） was randomly selected from a plain troop to serve as control.Heart rate（HR）,systolic blood pressure（SBP）,diastolic blood pressure（DBP）,maximal oxygen uptake（VO2max）,hemoglobin content（Hb）,and acute mountain sickness symptoms were measured or questioned.The national military standard（GJB4301-2002） was adopted in the evaluation of acclimatization status.Results Among the 109 soldiers entering for 1 week,the primary acclimatization（PA） rate was 84.40%.The basic acclimatization（BA） rate was 90.16% for 1 month group.The fully acclimatization（FA） rate was 88.98% for half a year group.The main factors causing non-acclimatization in those having not in PA（15.6%） and BA（9.84%） after entering for 1 week and 1 month were abnormal HR and SBP,while the main factor for having not in FA（11.02%） after half a year entering was erythrocytosis.There were 2 cases（1.57%） in the FA diagnosed as high altitude polycythemia（Hb ≥210 g/L）.For HR,those of PA and BA were significantly higher than that of control（P0.05）,and that of FA was significantly lower than those of PA and BA（P0.05）.For SBP,those of PA and BA were significantly higher than that of control（P0.05）,and that of FA was significantly lower than those of control,PA and BA（P0.05）.For DBP,those of all acclimatization phases were significantly higher than that of control（P0.05）.For Hb,those of all acclimatization phases were significantly higher than control（P0.05）,and that of

关 键 词：高海拔 士兵 习服 评价 

分 类 号：R339.54[医药卫生—人体生理学] R821.2[医药卫生—基础医学]