历山山核桃群落优势种群生态位研究  

Niche Characteristics of Dominant Species in Juglans mandshurica Communities in Lishan Nature Reserve,Shanxi

作　　者：高昆[1] 张峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学农学院,山西大同037009 [2]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2011年第2期42-47,共6页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(2006011077);山西省留学基金(20100012)

摘　　要：为给我国特有种山核桃种群保护提供科学依据,应用生态位理论对历山山核桃群落的26个优势种群进行生态位宽度和生态位重叠分析。结果表明:1)历山山核桃群落中,山核桃、连翘和披针叶苔草分别是群落建群种和优势种,数量多,分布广泛,利用环境资源的能力较强,因此,生态位宽度较大。2)漆树、杜梨、鞘柄菝葜和小叶鼠李因分布范围较小,对资源的利用能力较弱而生态位宽度较小。3)26个优势种群并不存在完全普遍重叠。生态位特定重叠值大小与生态位宽度有一定的关系,生态位宽度大的种群如山核桃、北京丁香、连翘,与其它种群间特定重叠较大。但某些生态位宽度较大的种群间生态位特定重叠值并不高,如山核桃和紫苞筋骨草为0.001,北京丁香和牛尾蒿为0。生态位宽度较小的种群间生态位特定重叠值也可能较大,如虎榛子和山楂为0.566。As an endemic to China,Juglans mandshurica is one of the rare and endangered plants under protection in Shanxi Province.The individuals of species is shrinking due to serious impacts by human activities,so it is important to study the relationship between J.mandshurica and its habitats for scientific protection.Based on niche theory,niche width and niche overlap of 26 dominant species in J.mandshurica communities in Lishan Nature Reserve of Shanxi were analyzed.The results demonstrated that the constructive species and dominant species,such as J.mandshurica,Forsythia suspense,and Carex lanceolata had a broad niche,because they were widely distributed with more individuals,and had stronger competition for resources.Other species such as Toxicodendron vernicifluum and Rhamnus parvifolia had narrow niche width.The results of general overlap showed that 26 dominant species were not of completely general overlap.The species with wider niche width had wider niche specific overlapping with the other species,such as J.mandshurica,Forsythia suspense,Syringa pekinensis with other species.But some species pairs with wider niche width had narrow niche specific overlap,such as J.mandshurica and Ajuga ciliate,Syringa pekinensis and Artemisia subdigitata etc.The species with narrower niche width are likely to have higher niche specific overlap such as Ostryopsis davidiana and Crataegus pinnatifida.

关 键 词：生态位宽度 生态位重叠 山核桃群落 历山自然保护区 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]