IgA1蛋白酶的生物学作用  

Biological Significance of IgA1 Proteases

作　　者：张紫媛[1] 李青[1] 樊均明[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院肾内科,成都610041

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2011年第2期423-428,共6页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

摘　　要：IgA1蛋白酶是由一组病原菌分泌的蛋白水解酶,可以特异水解人类IgA1铰链区一段特殊的多肽序列TPPTPSPSTPPTPSPS,产生Fab、Fc段。近来的研究发现具有和IgA1铰链区特异多肽序列结构相似的蛋白也是IgA1蛋白酶的底物,比如人类溶酶体膜蛋白(LAMP1)、人类绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、TNF-RⅡ、CD8分子和粒-巨细胞刺激因子(GM-CSF)、突触小泡蛋白Ⅱ等,而且IgA1蛋白酶还可以诱导T细胞特异反应,起免疫调剂作用,尤其是刺激促炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8的释放等,这些都反映了该酶在病原体致病机制中有重要作用。同时也有很多研究利用IgA1蛋白酶的生物特性探索新的生物治疗方法。The IgA1 proteases are a group of proteolytic enzymes,which are produced by pathogenic bacteria that infect and colonize mucosal surfaces.This group of proteolytic enzymes was found to cleave specific peptide bonds within the sequence TPPTPSPSTPPTPSPS（T,P and S are threonine,proline and serine residues, respectively） found in the hinge region of human IgA1.Several findings support the role of IgA1 protease,for example,its ability to cleave human LAMP1（hLAMP1）,TNF-RⅡ,the CD8 molecule of T lymphocytes and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor（GM-CSF）,synaptobrevin Ⅱ,hormone human chorionic gonadotropin,and its ability to exhibit important immunomodulatory properties,etc.,in particular the induction of proinflammatory cytokines.The IgA1 proteases have been found to instigate part of the T cell inflammatory response,especially to stimulate the release of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor α（TNFα）,interleukin-1β（IL-1β）,interleukin-6（IL-6）,and interleukin-8（IL8）.All these suggest that this enzyme plays a significant role in pathogenesis. There are many other researches to explore new biological treatments of diseases using the biological characteristics of IgA1 protease.

关 键 词：IgA1蛋白酶 生物功能 致病机制 应用 治疗 

分 类 号：R392.9[医药卫生—免疫学]