126例中心静脉导管在血液净化中的临床应用  

Application of central venous catheter in hemodialysis in 126 cases

作　　者：肖琼[1] 李靖[1] 杨元媛[1] 韩志武[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第161中心医院肾内科,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《局解手术学杂志》2011年第2期187-189,共3页Journal of Regional Anatomy and Operative Surgery

摘　　要：目的通过观察中心静脉留置导管在血液透析中使用状况,探讨中心静脉导管相关并发症及处理方法,改善血液透析患者预后。方法回顾性分析126例使用中心静脉置管维持性血液透析患者的临床资料。其中25例为长期双腔导管,101例为临时双腔导管,分析中心静脉导管的相关并发症与处理效果。结果置管过程中的常见并发症有:误穿动脉11例(8.73%)、皮下血肿6例(4.76%)。导管留置并发症有:血流量不足24例(19.04%),导管相关感染23例(18.25%),穿刺部位渗血15例(11.90%),导管意外脱落3例(2.38%)。以上并发症均在给予相应的处理后痊愈,未留下相关后遗症。结论中心静脉导管相关并发症值得临床重视,提高置管技术,加强导管护理,及时处理是防范导管失功能的关键。Objective To discuss the complications and treatment of applying central venous catheter in hemodialysis by observing its application condition.Methods The clinical data of 126 patients with central venous catheter applied in hemodialysis were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively including 25 cases of long-term dual-lumen catheters and 101 cases of temporary dual-lumen catheters.The related complications and treatments were analyzed.Results The common complications occurred during catheterizations included inadvertent arterial puncture in 11 cases（8.73%） and ecchymoma in 6 cases（4.76%） while the complications of catheterizations included inadequate blood flow in 24 cases（19.04%）,catheter related infection in 23 cases（18.25%）,local bleeding in 15 cases（11.90%） and catheter inadvertent withdrawal in 3 cases（2.38%）.Above complications were recovered without recurrences after taking corresponding treatments.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the central venous catheter related complications.Improving technology,strengthening nursing care and taking timely treatment are the key points to prevent catheter functional failure.

关 键 词：血液透析 中心静脉导管 并发症 处理 

分 类 号：R692.5[医药卫生—泌尿科学]