大气对流层平流层交换(STE)研究进展  

Advances in Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange Research

作　　者：胡宁[1,2] 张朝林[3] 仲跻芹[2] 李玉焕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京100089 [3]国家自然科学基金委员会地球科学部,北京100085

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2011年第4期375-385,共11页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"京津冀业务预报模式系统中雷达和GPS资料的同化技术研发"(编号:2008BAC37B03);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"环北京大气水汽场的再分析及其初步应用"(编号:40905052)和"单双频地基GPS实时联网中精细局域电离层数值模型的构造"(编号:40705009);公益性行业(气象)科研专项"环北京夏季暴雨观测系统研究与可预报性示范试验"(编号:GYHY200706042)资助

摘　　要：大气平流层对流层交换(Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange,STE)包括平流层向对流层的输送(Stratosphere-Troposphere Transport,STT)和对流层向平流层的输送(Troposphere-to-Stratosphere Transport,TST)2个过程,通常统称为STE交换过程。其对大气的辐射平衡、化学成分具有重要影响。研究STE对于大气化学、气候变化、平流层对流层耦合模式的发展等领域意义重大。对国内外不同尺度STE的观测、模拟与诊断做了评述,讨论了各种尺度STE的机制,比较了不同诊断方法和模式的性能和特点。着重指出目前天气尺度STE的研究虽然比较充分,但在STE过程中,中小尺度混合、湍流混合等物理过程的机制、诊断以及模拟方法的研究还有待提高。中小尺度强对流引起的TST对对流层污染物向平流层的输送作用和影响越来越受到关注。在全球快速城市化的背景下,研究城市群高污染区域强对流天气引起的TST过程及其影响具有重要的科学意义。The Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange（STE） refers to atmospheric mass exchange between stratosphere and troposphere in both directions,including Stratosphere-to-Troposphere Transport（STT） and Troposphere-to-Stratosphere Transport（TST）.STE has important impacts on atmospheric chemical composition and radiative equilibrium.Therefore,it is very important to investigate STE activities for further advancement in atmospheric chemistry,climate change,and stratosphere troposphere coupling in atmospheric models.In this paper,we review major STE processes in observations,simulations,diagnoses,and mechanisms,and compare their difference either on methods or on models.Although many synoptic-scale STE studies have been conducted,STE events in meso-and micro-scales remain to be further investigated,especially in physic mechanism,observations and simulations.It attracts more and more attention on stratospheric influences of troposphere pollutant transport,especially on the impacts resulting from the meso-and micro-scales strong convection weather events.With the rapid global urbanization in the global,it is very essential to investigate the TST events under the background with strong convection activities over heavy air polluted metropolitan areas.

关 键 词：平流层—对流层交换 强对流 大气污染 城市化 

分 类 号：P421.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]