3种观赏植物对室内甲醛污染的净化及生长生理响应  

Monitoring,Purification and Response of Three Indoor Ornamental Plants on Formaldehyde Pollution

作　　者：令狐昱慰[1] 黎斌[1] 李思锋[1] 张莹[1] 刘立成[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安植物园,陕西省植物研究所,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2011年第4期776-782,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(2008k01-21);陕西省科学院重点科技攻关项目(2008k-05)陕西省科学院青年基金项目(2009k-24);西安市科技攻关项目(NC08021)

摘　　要：在密封条件下,采取熏蒸法研究了常春藤、绿萝、驱蚊草对不同浓度梯度的甲醛气体胁迫的吸收能力及其生理响应。结果显示:(1)3种植物对室内甲醛气体均有不同程度的吸收能力,其吸收率随室内甲醛气体浓度的升高而逐渐增加,且吸收能力表现为常春藤>驱蚊草>绿萝。(2)与对照相比,随着室内甲醛气体胁迫浓度的增加,驱蚊草、绿萝、常春藤的叶绿素含量先升高再降低,而叶绿素a/b值的变化趋势各有不同。(3)不同浓度甲醛气体胁迫下,3种植物的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均显著升高,并以常春藤的增加量最大(分别为113.21%和120.84%),驱蚊草的增加量最小(分别为69.04%和60.76%);而3种植物的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性与对照相比显著降低,并以驱蚊草的变化量最大(49.54%),绿萝的变化量最小(14.66%)。(4)驱蚊草、绿萝、常春藤的丙二醛(MDA)含量和脯氨酸含量随着甲醛气体浓度的增加呈升高趋势。综合分析表明,3种室内植物耐受甲醛胁迫的能力存在显著差异,常春藤属于吸收多、耐性强的植物,驱蚊草属于吸收多、耐性弱的植物,而绿萝属于吸收少、耐性强的植物。In order to study the physiological response and absorption capacity to formaldehyde gas,three indoor plants were treated with different concentrations of formaldehyde gas respectively in sealed chambers in this paper.The results showed that：（1）Three indoor plants had different levels of absorption of formaldehyde,the absorption rate increased gradually with the increase of the concentration of formaldehyde,the order of absorption capacity was Hedera nepalensis var.sinensisPelargonium×graveolensScindapsus aureus.（2）Compared with the control,the chlorophyll content of P.×graveolens,S.aureus and H.nepalensis var.sinensis increased firstly then decreased with the increasement of the formaldehyde gas concentration,but the Chl a/b value was various.（3）On the condition of different concentrations of formaldehyde gas,the superoxide dismutase（SOD） and peroxidase（POD） activities of three species increased significantly,the largest increasement was happened in H.nepalensis var.sinensis（113.21% and 120.84%）,the smallest in P.×graveolens（69.04% and 60.76%）;and the catalase（CAT） activities of three species decreased obviously compared with the control,the largest change in P.×graveolens（49.64%）,the smallest in S.aureus（14.66%）.（4）The malondialdehyde（MDA） and proline contents increased with the concentration of formaldehyde gas has shown the rise trend.We found that these indoor plants were resistant to formaldehyde gas differently,H.nepalensis var.sinensis absorbed more formaldehyde gas and was resistant strongly to it,P.×graveolens absorbed more formaldehyde gas but was resistant weakly,S.aureus absorbed less formaldehyde gas but was resistant strongly.

关 键 词：常春藤 绿萝 驱蚊草 甲醛气体胁迫 吸收能力 生理响应 

分 类 号：Q948.116[生物学—植物学]