西北冰洋表层沉积物中生源和陆源粗组分及其沉积环境  

Biogenic and terrigenous coarse fractions in surface sediments of the western Arctic Ocean and their sedimentary environments

作　　者：孙烨忱[1] 王汝建[1] 肖文申[2] 陈建芳[3] 程振波[4] 陈志华[4] 高爱国[5] 李洪亮[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]Alfred-Wegener极地海洋研究所,德国不来梅港D-27568 [3]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012 [4]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [5]厦门大学海洋系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋学报》2011年第2期103-114,共12页

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2007CB815903);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030859);中国第3次北极科学考察以及国际极地年中国行动计划资助项目;中国地质调查局项目(水[2010]矿评03-06-04)

摘　　要：通过中国第1至第3次北极科学考察在北冰洋西部所采集的99个表层沉积物中生源与陆源粗组分的分析,研究了该海域表层生产力的变化,有机质来源以及陆源粗颗粒物质的输入方式和影响因素。研究区域生源组分所反映的表层生产力变化与通过白令海峡进入楚科奇海的3股太平洋洋流密切相关。楚科奇海西侧高盐高营养盐的阿纳德尔流流经区域,表层生产力普遍较高;东侧低盐低营养盐阿拉斯加沿岸流流经区域,浮游硅质生物生产力低,并且受陆源有机质输入影响显著。阿尔法脊和楚科奇海台较高的浮游钙质生物生产力与北大西洋水的注入密切相关。楚科奇海陆架区低的浮游钙质生物生产力与陆源物质的稀释作用和浮游钙质生物生活水深有关;加拿大海盆区低的浮游钙质生物生产力主要受到碳酸钙溶解作用的影响。研究区域表层沉积物中的陆源粗组分-冰筏碎屑(ice-rafted detritus,IRD)的分布主要受海冰和冰山的搬运,陆缘冰输入,河流输入以及太平洋入流水的影响。白令海峡入口处的陆源粗颗粒沉积主要受太平洋入流水影响;阿拉斯加近岸海域的陆源粗颗粒沉积来自于陆缘冰以及河流的输入;而北风脊高的IRD含量主要是由海冰和冰山所携带,被波弗特环流搬运至此,伴随着海冰和冰山的融化并卸载进入沉积物中。Biogenic and terrigenous coarse fractions in the surface sediments from the western Arctic Ocean,which were collected in the First,the Second and the Third Chinese National Arctic Expeditions,were measured by different means in this paper,revealing the surface productivity changes,source of organic matter and input patterns of terrigenous coarse matters in the study area.The surface productivity indicated by the biogenic sediments in the area is closely related to the three Pacific Ocean currents entering into the Chukchi Sea through Bering Strait.High surface productivity in the western Chukchi Sea is resulted from the hyperhaline and hypertrophic Anadyr Stream,whereas low planktonic siliceous productivity in its eastern part is caused by the hypohaline and hypotrophic Alaska Coastal Stream.High planktonic calcareous productivity in the Chukchi Sea Plateau and Alpha Ridge is ascribed to the impact of the northern Atlantic water mass.Low planktonic calcareous productivity in the Chukchi Sea shelf is attributed to the terrigenous matter dilution and life depth of calcareous microorganism.Low calcareous planktonic productivity in the Canada Basin is responded to the strong CaCO3 dissolution.Distribution of terrigenous coarse fraction（ice-rafted detritus-IRD） in the western Arctic Ocean is influenced mainly by sea ice and iceberg transport,terrestrial ice input,river and Pacific currents.The terrigenous coarse fraction in the Bering Strait is impacted by the Pacific currents entering into the Chukchi Sea through Bering Strait.The terrigenous coarse fraction near Alaska coastal area is transported by the terrestrial ice and river.The high IRD in the Northwind Ridge is contributed by the massive sea ice and icebergs conveyed by the Beaufort Circulation,and deposited at the seafloor when the sea ice and icebergs melt.

关 键 词：表层沉积物 生源与陆源粗组分 表层生产力与冰筏碎屑 沉积环境 北冰洋西部 

分 类 号：P973[天文地球—自然地理学]