木霉菌对山豆根根腐病菌的拮抗作用  

Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. to Fungi Caused Root Rot of Sophora tonkinensis

作　　者：覃柳燕[1] 蒋妮[1] 唐美琼[1] 缪剑华[1] 李林轩[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区药用植物园,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《中药材》2011年第4期499-502,共4页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：广西医疗卫生重点科研课题(重200737);广西药用植物园青年基金(桂药基200801)

摘　　要：目的：研究木霉菌对山豆根根腐病菌茄腐镰孢S9（Fusarium solani）的拮抗作用,探讨生物防治菌在防治中药材土传病害上的应用前景。方法：采用生长速度法、对峙培养法研究哈茨木霉H2（Trichoderma harsianum）、绿色木霉M6（Trichoderma viride）和康宁木霉K1（Trichoderma koningii）对山豆根根腐病菌S9的拮抗作用,并讨论了其作用机理。结果：发现H2、M6竞争优势显著,生长速度分别是S9的1.43~2.72倍和1.43~1.95倍;K1的空间竞争优势较弱,生长速度不如S9。3种木霉菌对S9均有不同程度的拮抗作用,其中,M6和H2对S9的拮抗作用较强,即使在提前3 d接入病原菌的情况下,M6和H2对S9的抑制率仍能分别达100%和82.35%,拮抗系数均达Ⅰ级;K1对S9的抑制率为46.36%,拮抗系数为Ⅳ级。在显微镜下观察到木霉菌通过缠绕、寄生等方式使S9发生菌丝断裂、缢缩、消解等现象。结论：哈茨木霉和绿色木霉作为生防菌在防治中药材土传病害上具有深入开发的前景。Objective：To study the antagonism of Trichoderma spp.to fungi S9（Fusarium solani）which caused root rot of Sophora tonkinensis and discuss the further develop prospects of microbial biological control in soil-borne diseases on Chinese herbal medicines.Methods：Antagonism of H2（Trichoderma harsianum）,M6（Trichoderma viride） and K1（Trichoderma koningii） to Fusarium solani were researched by growth rate and confront culture.And their mechanisms were discussed.Results：H2 and M6 had obvious competitive advantage,the growth rate of which were 1.43~2.72 times and 1.43~1.95 times as S9 respectively.The space competitive advantage of K1 was relatively weak;the growth rate was slower than S9.The antagonism of three species of Trichoderma spp.to S9 was in varying degrees.The antagonism to S9 of M6 and H2 was better,the inhibition rate were 100% and 82.35% respectively,even cultivated S9 for three days in advance.And their inhibition indexes were both reached class Ⅰ.The inhibition index and inhibition rate of K1 was respectively 46.36% and class Ⅳ.The Trichoderma spp.could cause S9 mycelium to appear some phenomenon just like fracture,constriction reduced,digestion,etc.which were observed under the microscope.Conclusion：Trichoderma harsianum and Trichoderma viride showed the further develop prospects in the fight against soil-borne disease on Chinese herbal medicines.

关 键 词：木霉菌 山豆根根腐病 拮抗作用 

分 类 号：S432.9[农业科学—植物病理学]