高分辨率地震数据采集仪器系统理论设计  

Theoretical Design of High Resolution Seismic Data Acquisition System

作　　者：李婷婷[1] 袁子龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学,大庆163318

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2011年第13期2915-2919,共5页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(E0317);黑龙江省科技攻关研究项目(GZ05A102)资助

摘　　要：受地层吸收效应及球面扩散的影响,地震波在传播过程中振幅、主频、频带宽度逐渐降低,无法满足高分辨率地震勘探的要求。提出在地震数据采集系统中增加智能程控型前置放大器和频谱均衡滤波器,利用它们对球面扩散和地层吸收衰减进行补偿,改善地震反射波的特征参数。建立理论模型,验证改进方案的有效性。结果表明,改进后仪器接收到的地震反射波主振幅、主频率、频带宽度、垂向分辨率及仪器记录信号的有效动态范围均不同程度地提高。Because of the absorption and spherical spreading,the amplitude,main frequency and frequency band of reflected wavelet become low,which can＇t meet the demand of high-resolution exploration.It is proposed that the intelligent program-controlled preamplifier and spectrum equilibrating filter should be added into the seismic data acquisition system,which can compensate spherical spreading and the absorption of stratum.Theoretical models are built to verify the validity of this improvement scheme.The results show that the main amplitude,main frequency and frequency band of reflected wavelet and the effective dynamic range of system are increased differently.

关 键 词：地层吸收 球面扩散 程控放大 均衡滤波 

分 类 号：TE19[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]