全位置密封式管焊头关键技术分析  

Analysis on Key Technologies for All-position Closed Pipe Welding Head

作　　者：黄绍平[1] 盖玉先[1] 刘会英[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)机械工程系,威海264209

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2011年第8期104-109,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重大专项(2009ZX04013-011);山东省自然科学基金(Y2007F74)资助项目

摘　　要：针对焊接管件无法旋转,须靠焊头的旋转来实现全位置焊接的情况,设计一种用于焊接质量要求高、持续焊接时间要求长的薄壁管管对焊的焊头。介绍密封式管焊头的工作原理以及各组成部件的结构设计要点。围绕影响焊接质量的两个关键技术——散热与供气系统,提出散热板贴紧齿圈和环形分流器设计,并运用数值模拟的方法研究水冷散热效果和氩气分布状况,得到了散热和供气系统的优化设计。在研究焊头供气时,通过多次更改分流孔的分布,并用不均匀度衡量分流器的设计,获得优秀的氩气流场。最后对研制的全位置密封式管焊样机进行试验,试验结果表明:在入口氩气处流量为5 L/min左右时,电弧燃烧稳定,保护效果最佳,与数值模拟的结果5.4 L/min接近。同时持续焊接时间长,焊接质量稳定可靠,焊头故障率低。A welding head is designed for high welding quality and long continuous welding time of thin-walled pipe.In the industrial field,it is used to realize the all-position welding,because of the fixed position of the pipes.Firstly,the working principle and structure of closed welding head are introduced.Then,the design of heat sink close to gear ring and annular shunt around the two key technologies—cooling and gas supply are discussed.Numerical simulation method is used to analyze the water cooling effect and the distribution of argon,thereby the optimized designs of cooling and gas supply systems are obtained.In the research of gas supply for the welding head,through numerous changes of the distribution of shunt holes and unevenness evaluation of shunt design,excellent argon flow field is obtained.Ultimately,the prototype of the developed all-position closed pipe welder is tested.The results show that when the inlet argon flow is about 5 L/min,the arc burning is stable and the protection effect is optimal,which is close to the simulated result 5.4 L/min.The welding machine features long continuous welding time,stable and reliable welding quality and low fault rate of welding head.

关 键 词：密封式焊头 水冷 分流器 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG431[金属学及工艺—焊接]