影响对HIV感染者/AIDS病人随访干预的因素探讨  

Factors associated with PLWHA follow-up intervention in HIV prevalence area

作　　者：谢忠尧[1] 康永然[2] 杨建华[2] 张海燕 吴尊友[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院,北京101149 [2]盈江县疾病预防控制中心,云南盈江679300 [3]大理市疾病预防控制中心,云南大理671000 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2011年第2期166-168,共3页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)中国艾滋病预防多学科培训项目China ICOHRTA(1U2RTW006918-01)资助

摘　　要：目的通过艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称PLWHA)随访服务提供方和接受方的视角,了解中国PLWHA随访干预的影响因素。方法在云南部分HIV/AIDS高发地区,采用深入访谈的方法,组织主管艾滋病领导、随访工作人员、PLWHA进行个人深入访谈。结果政府重视、"四免一关怀"政策、社区美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)、随访工作人员数量、PLWHA的流动、歧视、家庭支持、心理压力、缺乏了解艾滋病相关政策、被抓强戒和劳教、交通不便等,是影响PLWHA随访的主要因素。结论建议利用县乡村三级公共卫生体系,充分发挥社区人力资源优势;加强艾滋病相关政策的宣传,来减少对PLWHA的歧视;发挥MMT门诊随访PL-WHA的平台作用;与公安协作,建立监管场所中随访PLWHA的模式;以提高PLWHA的随访干预比例。Objective From the view of providers and receivers of PLWHA follow-up services,to understand the factors associated with such services in China.Method In-depth interviews were conducted among leading managers and staffs providing HIV/AIDS control and follow-up services,as well as PLWHA.Results As shown by the findings of the interviews,the factors associated with PLWHA follow up services included： high attention paid by the government to AIDS control,＂Four free and one care＂ policy,community based MMT,the number of follow-up staffs,mobility of PLWHA,discrimination against PLWHA,family support,mental stress,lack of understanding of AIDS-related policy,detention for compulsory drug withdrawal and labor education,inconvenient transportation and others.Conclusion To improve the rate of PLWHA follow up intervention it is suggested that the county-township-village 3 tier public health system be utilized,community human resources be brought into full play,AIDS related policies be propagated to reduce discrimination against PLWHA,MMT clinics be utilized as a platform to follow up PLWHA,close collaboration with police departments to establish an appropriate model of following up detained PLWHA.

关 键 词：艾滋病 随访干预 二代传播 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R373.9[医药卫生—临床医学]