黄土高原丘陵区坡改梯后的土壤质量效应  

Effects of terracing slope cropland on soil quality in Hilly Region of Loess Plateau

作　　者：薛萐[1,2] 刘国彬[1,2] 张超[1,2] 樊良心[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第4期310-316,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基目(40801094);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2007CB407205);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB2-05);西北农林科技大学2009年基本科研业务费青年项目资助计划(QN2009080)

摘　　要：采用时空互代法,以黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域不同年限梯田为研究对象,选取坡耕地为对照,分析了坡耕地改造梯田后,土壤物理、化学和生物学性质的演变过程。结果表明,黄土丘陵区坡耕通过工程措施改造为梯田当年,在土壤扰动和水土流失双重作用下,土壤物理、化学和生物学质量呈现不同程度下降或没有显著变化。随着改造年限的延长,土壤质量显著提高,表现为土壤物理性质和抗蚀性显著增强,化学性质显著提高,土壤微生物属性及活性显著增加。土壤质量指数(SQI)作为土壤理化和生物学性质的综合反映,其随改造年限的增加呈显著的线性增加关系,说明采用工程技术进行坡改梯后,土壤经营和管理趋于科学化,土壤质量向良性方向发展。Terraces at different years in loess hilly region were chosen as subject to reveal changes in soil phyico-chemical and biological properties after slope cropland was rebuild to terraces. The results showed that slope cropland had a low content of phyico-chemical and biological quality because of serious soil erosion and improper cultivation. Soil phyico-chemical and biological properties had no remarkable change or a little drop in the first year of terracing under the action of soil disturbance and the reduction of erosion. Soil qualities （including of soil physical properties and anti-erodibility, chemical properties, microbial biomass and activity） were improved significantly with the terracing age. Soil quality index （SQI）, integral indicator to reflect soil phyico-chemical and biological properties, appeared linear increasing with years by regression analysis. In brief, when slope cropland was rebuilded to terrace, soil was managed scientifically and soil quality was significantly improved.

关 键 词：土地整理 土壤质量 坡改梯 黄土丘陵区 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]