磁性载体生物膜反应器处理生活污水的试验研究  

Domestic sewage treatment using a magnetic carrier bioreactor.

作　　者：潘涌璋[1] 张志永[1] 师波[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学环境工程系,广东省普通高校水土环境毒害性污染物防治与生物修复重点实验室,广东广州510632 [2]广州市环境技术中心,广东广州510055

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2011年第5期734-739,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：广州市污染防治新技术新工艺研究开发项目(GZHB2007001)

摘　　要：选取天然多孔矿物-浮石、网络状塑料外壳、磁铁为材料,开发出一种新型磁性载体,并将该载体应用于生物膜反应器中进行废水处理试验,结果表明:该磁性载体生物膜反应器在载体的挂膜性能及主要污染物去除功能上均优于非磁性载体生物膜反应器.磁性载体可在5d内完成挂膜,而非磁性载体则需8d,磁性载体生物膜反应器对COD、NH+4-N的去除率比非载体生物膜反应器分别高出5%和20%左右.在载体中心磁场强度为200Gs,水中溶解氧DO为2.0～3.5mg/L,水力停留时间HRT为5h的条件下,校园生活污水经磁性载体生物膜反应器处理后,出水中COD稳定在20mg/L左右,NH4+-N在5mg/L以下,两者的去除率均在90%左右,出水总氮为15mg/L,去除率在50%以上.实验结果还表明:连续运行60d后,磁性载体反应器内的生物膜量和悬浮污泥量仅为非磁性载体反应器的70%,说明磁场的存在有利于污泥减量化.磁载体生物膜反应器中载体外表面附着污泥及生物膜的SOUR值均大于非磁载体生物膜反应器,表明一定的磁场强度可以提高微生物活性.A new type of magnetic carrier was prepared consisting of pumice,magnet and retiform plastic ball.It was used in a bioreactor to test the function on biofilm formation and biological degradation of domestic sewage.The start-up procedures of magnetic carrier bioreactor and nonmagnetic carrier bioreactor were finished within 5 d and 8 d,respectively.The removal efficiencies of COD and NH＋ 4-N by the magnetic bioreactor were marked higher than nonmagnetic bioreactor,with 5% and 20% increasing respectively.The domestic sewage degradation capability of the magnetic carrier was then tested.At the conditions of the central magnetic field intensity of carrier was 200 Gs,the concentration of dissolved oxygen（DO） was 2.0～3.5 mg/L and hydrodynamic retention time（HRT） was at 5 h,the concentration of COD,NH4＋-N and TN in the effluent from the magnetic bioreactor were about 20 mg/L,5 mg/L and 15 mg/L,with removal rates of 90%,90% and 50% respectively.The biomass of biofilm and suspended sludge quantity in the magnetic bioreactor were about 70% of those in the nonmagnetic bioreactor,after 60d treatment,which indicated that the magnetic field could improve the efficiency of sludge reduction.Moreover,both the specific oxygen uptake rates（SOUR）of the attached sludge and the biofilm on the magnetic carrier were higher than those on the nonmagnetic carrier,which mean that the magnetic field could stimulate the microbe activity.

关 键 词：磁性载体 生物膜反应器 生活污水 污泥减量 生物膜活性 

分 类 号：X703.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]