塔里木盆地雅克拉断凸白垩系—古近系油气成藏过程  

Process of hydrocarbon pooling in the Cretaceous and Paleogene of Yakela faulted uplift,Tarim Basin

作　　者：王月蕾[1] 陈红汉[1,2] 张希明[3] 刘建章[1] 唐大卿[1] 陈龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 [3]中国石化西北油田分公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2011年第5期49-54,117,共6页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目"海相碳酸盐岩缝-洞输导体系油气运聚机理研究"(编号:106113);油气资源与探测国家重点实验室(中国石油大学)开放研究基金(编号:2009008)

摘　　要：前人对塔里木盆地雅克拉断凸成藏过程进行了大量研究并提出了多种成藏模式,但是成藏期次和时间的厘定多建立在对成藏条件定性分析的基础上,缺乏直接手段,同时,未根据该区不同来源油气运移的差异,建立不同的输导模式。为此,运用流体包裹体系统分析方法,对26口井177块流体包裹体样品进行了分析,结合该区烃源岩生排烃史、热演化史和输导体系研究成果,探讨其油气成藏过程。结果表明：①在多期构造运动叠加的特殊背景下,该区普遍发育＂断接式＂输导体系,这种输导类型不仅解决了该区油气的垂向输导,同时对于次生油气藏的形成也具有积极的意义;②该区存在3期油气充注,分别为距今14~5 Ma、5~2 Ma和2~0 Ma,且以第2期为主;③主要成藏期为喜马拉雅中—晚期,成藏时期相对较晚,且表现出连续、快速充注成藏特点。成藏史综合研究结果表明,该区油气的充注成藏与烃源岩生排烃史、圈闭及其封盖条件和＂断接式＂输导性能等成藏控制要素在时间和空间上均具有较好的匹配关系。Previous researchers have studied the process of hydrocarbon pooling in Yakela faulted uplift of the Tarim Basin and proposed various hydrocarbon pooling models.However,the timing of hydrocarbon pooling is generally based on qualitative analysis of pooling conditions.Moreover,the differences of hydrocarbon migration from different sources have not been accounted in the establishment of carrier patterns.For this reason,177 fluid inclusion samples from 26 wells were systematically analyzed and the hydrocarbon pooling process was discussed in combination with hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history,thermal evolution history and carrier systems.The following conclusions are obtained.1) Carrier systems of 'fault-connecting' type are common in the study area due to the superimposition of multiple tectonic movements,providing not only pathways for vertical migration of hydrocarbons,but also favorable conditions for the formation of secondary hydrocarbon reservoirs.2) Hydrocarbon charging mainly occurred in 3 stages,including 14-5 Ma(million years ago),5-2 Ma(million years ago),and 2-0 Ma(million years ago),of which the second stage is the major one.3) Hydrocarbon pooling mainly occurred in the middle-late Himalayan,a relatively late time for hydrocarbon accumulation,and are featured by continuous and rapid charging.A comprehensive study of pooling history reveals that the hydrocarbon charging and the factors controlling hydrocarbon pooling(such as hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history,traps and their sealing conditions as well as the 'fault-connected' carrier systems) matched well both temporally and spatially in this study area.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 雅克拉断凸 “断接式”输导体系 油气藏形成 输导体系 成藏模式 包裹体 断裂 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]