铬对接触人群健康的影响  

Study on the Health Effect among Workers Exposed to Chrome

作　　者：吴锐[1] 姬红蓉 沈国平[2] 

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,青海西宁810007 [2]青海大学,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2011年第5期304-305,共2页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解长期接触铬对作业工人健康的影响。[方法]选择青海某公司铬接触作业工人134人作为暴露组,同时选择不接触铬的行政人员76人作为对照组,进行职业健康检查。采用二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法测定尿铬含量,并对铬作业场所进行现场卫生学调查。[结果]与对照组相比,暴露组人员鼻腔损伤、尿隐血及蛋白的检出率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尿隐血及蛋白和肝功能异常的检出率在不同尿铬含量组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同时鼻中隔穿孔的检出率在不同工龄组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]长期持续接触铬对作业工人的肝、肾功能及鼻腔存在一定的影响。[Objective ] To study the health effect among workers exposed to chrome. [ Methods ] A total of 134 workers exposed to chrome and 76 administrative personnel without chrome exposure were randomly selected from factories. Medical examination and the measurement of chrome in urine were performed. The survey on occupational hygiene in the factory was carried out simultaneously. [ Results ] Compared with the control group, the exposure group showed an significantly increase of nasal injury level, urine occult blood and urine protein （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was significant difference of urine occult blood, urine protein and abnormal liver function in different exposure levels and perforation of nasal septum in different working years （ P 〈 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] The liver and kidney function and mucous membrane and septum of nasal cavity were affected by the chronic exposure to chrome.

关 键 词：铬 健康 影响 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]