健康教育提升外出农民工人群艾滋病防治知识效果研究  

Study on Effectiveness of HIV/AIDS Health Education Among Migrant Workers

作　　者：张修明[1] 陈鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省安乡县疾病预防控制中心,湖南安乡415600

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2011年第5期810-812,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨健康教育对安乡县外出农民工人群艾滋病防治知识影响效果。方法利用外出农民工返乡过年的机会,开展为期2个月的艾滋病防治知识的健康教育,干预前后随机问卷调查,评价干预效果;用EpiData3.0软件资料录入,SPSS13.0软件统计分析。结果艾滋病防治知识知晓率由干预前的63.9%(166/260)提高到干预后的85.4%(239/280),艾滋病歧视态度由干预前的25.0%(65/260)降低到干预后的17.5%(49/280),干预前婚外性行为发生率为35.8%(93/260),干预后婚外性行为意愿发生率降低为20.0%(56/280),干预前婚外性行为安全套使用率为64.5%(60/93),干预后安全套意愿使用率提高到87.9%(246/280);以上差异均有统计学意义。较高文化程度、感知艾滋病危害及具有高危行为自我控制能力是减少婚外性行为和促进安全套使用的保护因素。结论利用农民工春节返乡机会,开展艾滋病防治知识健康教育取得了明显效果,健康教育是提高农民工艾滋病防治知识和意识、改变高危行为的有效方式。Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS health education conducted among the migrant workers in Anxiang County. Methods Two-month HIV/AIDS health education was conducted in the migrant workers who returned to homes during the Spring Festival.Random questionnaire surveys were conducted before and after the intervention,and the effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated.EpiData 3.0 software was used to enter the data.And the statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS13.0 software. Results The proportion of migrant workers with correct knowledge about HIV/AIDS increased from 63.9%（166/260） before the intervention to 85.4%（239/280） after the intervention.The proportion of migrant workers holding discriminatory attitude towards HIV/AIDS reduced from 25.0%（65/260） before the intervention to 17.5%（49/280） after the intervention.35.8%（93/260） of migrant workers were involved in non-marital sex before the intervention.After the intervention,the proportion of migrant workers who may be involved in non-marital sex reduced to 20.0%（56/280）.The rate of condom use at non-marital sex was 64.5%（60/93） among migrant workers before the intervention.After the intervention,the proportion of migrant workers who were willing to use condoms increased to 87.9%（246/280）.All these differences were statistically significant.Protective factors for reducing non-marital sex and increasing condom use rate included high educational level,good awareness of HIV/AIDS risk and strong self-control from high risk behaviors. Conclusions HIV/AIDS health education among migrant workers during the Spring Festival effectively increases the knowledge about HIV/AIDS among migrant workers,improves their awareness of HIV/AIDS risk and promotes the behavior change among them.

关 键 词：农民工 艾滋病 高危行为 健康教育 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]