郴州市2006-2010年突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of Public Health Emergencies in Chenzhou from 2006 to 2010

作　　者：姚令辉[1] 苏小可[1] 段良松[1] 何兢[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省郴州市疾病预防控制中心,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2011年第5期833-835,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解郴州市突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为预防和控制突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对郴州市2006-2010年通过网络报告的突发公共卫生事件进行统计分析。结果该市5年共报告突发公共卫生事件69起,发病2 204例,死亡32人;以传染病暴发疫情为主(占49.28%),其次是食物中毒(占28.99%);罹患率最高的是职业中毒(78.08%),其次是食物中毒(17.87%);事件主要发生在学校(占46.38%);发生在乡村、县、市事件的比重分别为66.67%、21.74%和11.59%,平均罹患率乡村级(7.74%)与县级(3.24%)差异有统计学意义(χ2=371.49,P<0.01),平均罹患率县级(3.24%)与市级(1.47%)差异有统计学意义(χ2=128.08,P<0.01)。结论加强农村卫生工作,加大学校卫生管理力度是有效控制事件发生的主要措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Chenzhou,and to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling public health emergencies. Methods The network reporting data of public health emergencies in Chenzhou from 2006 to 2010 were collected and arranged,and then a descriptive study was applied to analyze these data. Results There were 69 public health emergencies and 2,204 cases reported in Chenzhou during the five-year period,including 32 death cases.Infectious disease epidemics constituted the major part of the public health emergencies（49.28%）, followed by food poisoning（28.99%）.The incidence rate of occupational poisoning accidents was the highest（78.08%）,followed by food poisoning（17.87%）.Public health emergencies occurred mainly in schools（46.38%）.The ratio of public health emergencies occurred in countryside,county and city was 66.67%,21.74% and 11.59%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the average incidence rate between countryside（7.74%） and county（3.24%）,（χ2=371.49,P0.01）,as well as between county（3.24%） and city（1.47%）,（χ2=128.08,P0.01）.Conclusions Improving rural health and strengthening health management in schools are the main measures to effectively prevent and control public health emergencies.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 描述性流行病学 预防控制 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]