东海常见鲳属鱼类的形态差异及系统进化关系探讨  

Morphological variation and phylogenetic relationship among three common Pampus fishes in East China Sea

作　　者：赵峰[1] 马春艳[1] 庄平[1] 章龙珍[1] 施兆鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋与河口渔业资源与生态重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2011年第2期138-143,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(东海水产研究所2007Z02)

摘　　要：应用多变量形态度量学方法研究了鲳属中常见鱼类银鲳、翎鲳和中国鲳的形态差异,同时对3种鲳鱼线粒体DNA 16S rRNA基因序列差异进行了分析,并根据3种鲳鱼的形态和分子数据对其系统进化关系进行了探讨。聚类分析表明,银鲳和翎鲳形态较为相似,而与中国鲳形态差异较大。判别分析表明,3种鲳鱼形态上存在着明显差异,利用4个形态参数就可以将3种鲳鱼100%予以区分,同时利用该参数建立了3种鲳鱼的判别公式。典型变量分析也表明3种鲳鱼形态存在着一定的分化,变异部位主要集中在头部和尾部。不同的生活史及栖息环境可能是导致3种鲳鱼形态差异的主要原因。在所测定的3种鲳鱼线粒体DNA 16S rRNA部分基因序列中,共检测到40个变异位点,2个插入和缺失位点。3种鲳鱼26个个体中共发现5种单倍型,利用单倍型构建的系统进化树显示翎鲳和中国鲳关系较近,而两者与银鲳亲缘关系较远。利用多变量形态学数据所揭示的形态相似性并不能完全反映3种鲳鱼的亲缘关系。Morphological variations among Pampus argenteus,P.punctatissimus and P.chinensis were studied by using multivariate morphemetrics.And the mtDNA 16S rRNA sequences of three Pampus fishes were analyzed.The phylogenic relationship between three kinds of pomfret based on morphological and molecular data was discussed.Cluster analysis showed that from the morphological point of view,P.argenteus was very similar to P.punctatissimus,but not similar to P.chinensis.There were significant morphological differences among three Pampus fishes based on the results of stepwise discriminant analyais.The three Pampus fishes can be differentiated accurately using 4 morphological parameters,and the discrimant accuracy was 100%.Discriminant formula for three Pampus fishes was also established using these 4 morphological parameters.Canonical variate analysis also showed that there was obvious morphological differentiation among three Pampus fishes,and the mutation part focused on head and caudal part.Different life history and habitat environment may be responsible for the differentiation among three Pampus fishes.There were 40 variable sites and 2 insertion and deletion sites in all 491 aligned base pairs of mtDNA 16S rRNA sequences.5 haplotypes were found in 26 individuals of three Pampus fishes.The NJ molecular phylogenetic tree based on haplotypes indicated a closer relationship between P.punctatissimus and P.chinensis and a farther relationship between P.argenteus and the other two species.The morphological similarity inferred from multivariate morphormetrics can not fully reflect the phylogenetic relationship among P.argenteus,P.punctatissimus and P.chinensis.

关 键 词：鲳鱼 多变量形态度量 线粒体DNA 16S RRNA 系统发生 

分 类 号：S959.483[农业科学—水产养殖]