盐度突降对拟穴青蟹大眼幼体生长发育和Na^+/-K^+-ATPase活性的影响  

Survival,development and Na^+/-K^+-ATPase activity of Scylla paramamosain megalopa in low salinities

作　　者：亓磊[1,2] 蒋科技[1] 顾孝连[1] 李志斐[3] 乔振国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广州510380

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2011年第2期201-206,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：上海市科委项目(083119N1400;10JC1418600);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(东海水产研究所2008M02)

摘　　要：研究了盐度突降对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)大眼幼体生长发育和Na+/-K+-ATPase活性的影响。实验用水由海水和淡水配制成20%、40%、60%、80%和100%SW,其盐度分别为6.4、12.8、19.2、25.6和32.0。在不同环境盐度突降条件下,盐度6.4处理组拟穴青蟹大眼幼体在24 h内全部死亡;盐度12.8、19.2、25.6和32.0处理组拟穴青蟹大眼幼体的存活率无显著差异(P≥0.05),各处理组幼体蜕皮持续时间分别为2、2、3和4 d;当发育至C1期第2天时,盐度12.8处理组体重平均增量低于盐度19.2、25.6和32.0处理组,且差异显著(P<0.05)。盐度6.4处理组酶活性从实验开始即急速增加,至6 h时与其它各组呈显著差异(P<0.05);盐度32.0处理组酶活性从实验开始就下降,至72 h后变化趋于平缓;盐度12.8、19.2和25.6处理组酶活性在6 h内逐渐上升,之后迅速下降,于72 h时降至最低,之后酶活性变化趋于平缓。在96~120 h内,盐度12.8处理组酶活性始终显著高于25.6和32.0处理组(P<0.05)。结果表明,拟穴青蟹大眼幼体生长的最适盐度为19.2,适宜生长盐度下限在12.8~19.2之间,生存盐度下限在6.4~12.8之间。Effects of low salinities on development and Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity of Scylla paramamosain megalopa were analyzed by two experiments.Five different levels of salinity conditions,20%,40%,60%,80% and 100% seawater（SW） were used in the two experiments.In Experiment 1,all larvae reared in 20% SW died within 24 hours,while survival rates in 40%,60%,80% and 100% SW were 80.0%,96.7%,93.3% and 90.0%,respectively.It also revealed that salinity affected duration of molt.There was rapid and synchronous development in 40% and 60% SW,but it was delayed and extended in 100% SW.In Experiment 2,megalopa was sampled for 0,6,24,48,96 and 120 h.Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity changed when megalopa was transferred from full-strength（100%） SW（32 ppt） directly to different salinity conditions of 20%,40%,60%,80% and 100% SW.After megalopa were transferred to 20% SW,Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity increased dramatically during the first 6 h,while Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity under the salinity conditions of 40%,60%,80% SW increased a little during the first 6 h.As to megalopa transferred to 100% SW,Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity decreased significantly between 0 h and 24 h,increased a little from 24 h to 48 h,then tended to be stable from 48 h to 120 h.Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity of megalopa in 40%,60%,80% SW decreased significantly from 6 h to 72 h and reached the minimum at 72 h.After that it increased a little,but no significant differences were found with the time going on regardless salinity conditions.Na＋/-K＋-ATPase activity also showed significant differences under various salinity conditions at the same time.Especially,megalopa in 20% SW had a significantly higher activity than those in the other four salinity conditions at 6 h.Megalopa in 40% SW had a significantly higher activity than those in 80% and 100%SW at 96 h and 120 h,respectively.No significant activity difference in Na＋/K＋-ATPase was observed in 60% SW as compared to those in 80% and 100% SW at 96 h and 120 h.Based on the above,it is suggested that the o

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 大眼幼体 盐度 生长发育 Na+/-K+-ATPase活性 

分 类 号：S968.251[农业科学—水产养殖] Q175[农业科学—水产科学]