明清“大风吹来女人”幸运故事的生态学意义  

The ecological significance of the stories about "woman in high winds" in Ming and Qing dynasties

作　　者：王立[1] 刘卫英[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学语言文学研究所,辽宁大连116029 [2]大连大学人文学部,辽宁省大连市116029

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第3期77-82,127,共6页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：2009年辽宁省社科规划基金项目"清代灾荒叙事与民俗想象研究"(L09DZW007);中国博士后科学基金项目"清代灾荒叙事与御灾民俗想象研究"(20100480227)成果之一

摘　　要：明清"大风吹来女人"故事有多种类型,可分为大风为某家幸运地送来远方女子,女性为大风飘远有惊无险,因风刮来女人生出事端,以及叙说大风飘人过程等,还被有意识地赋予伦理意义。母题神秘化倾向在于,帝王贵人吉运天佑,风神形象的小说展演,对秘密社会活动乃至应对天灾施加影响,还为神怪小说借重。明清时期对山林滥伐,围湖造田,生态环境恶化导致北方大风频繁。大风吹女母题,偏重对普通人命运尤其女性遭遇的关心,具有难得的生态文化反思价值。古人并未意识到许多风灾实际上正是生态环境恶化的预警,总是宣扬在无可抵御的自然力面前的侥幸。不能仅从理想期盼的合理性着眼,而要看到侥幸后面的危机。这正是母题给予的启迪。The stories about 'women in high winds' have various plots: a woman was blown up by high winds and landed in a lucky family;a woman was blown up and away but landed safe and sound;a woman turned up with high winds but ended up with a troublemaker.Endowed with moral flavor,these stories concerned the fate of ordinary people,especially of women,which is considered of high ecological and cultural value.The severe deforestation and lake reclamation for arable land in Ming and Qing dynasties resulted in the environmental deterioration and windy weather in the north.However,the ancient Chinese were obscured the awareness that the natural disaster was the warning of the deteriorating environment;instead,they advocated the sheer luck in front of the merciless nature.The enlightenment provided by these stories is that both ideal expectation and the potential dangers hidden in luck should be given equal weight.

关 键 词：大风 风神 生态美学 母题史 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]