2002年广东沿海赤潮与海洋水文气象关系的研究  

STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RED TIDE OF YEAR 2002 IN GUANGDONG COASTAL WATER AND THE MARINE HYDROMETEOROLOGY

作　　者：吴迪生[1] 王文娟[1] 俞胜宾[1] 周水华[1] 张娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海分局,广东广州510310

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2011年第2期271-277,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(04102749)资助

摘　　要：根据2001年1月—2002年12月广东沿海赤潮实况与海洋水文气象要素的实测资料,分析了广东沿海赤潮发生与海洋水文气象关系。结果表明:在大万山海域出现六级强风的情况下仍然可以发生赤潮;中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum,斜体表示拉丁文,下同)和无纹环沟藻(Gyrodinium instriatum)最大增殖速率的发生环境为:海水温度27.51～29.81℃、盐度20.06‰～31.94‰、气温22.7～30.4℃、风速0.3～12.0 m/s、气压995.9～1 002.0 hPa、相对湿度72%～98%;风速减弱、气压下降、水温和盐度升高、降水偏少是诱发赤潮大爆发的海洋环境因素。另外,2002年赤道太平洋发生的El Ni?o事件,导致中国东南沿海的水温、盐度、风速、相对湿度、气压及广东降水量发生异常变化,对赤潮的形成和发展有重要影响。Relationship between the onset of red tide and the marine hydrometeorology was studied based on the in-situ data of red tide and the measurement of marine hydrometeorology elements in Guangdong coastal water during January 2001 to December 2002.It was found that red tide could still take place even under the existence of scale 6 wind field in Dawanshan marine area.The fastest propagation of Skeletonema costatum and Gyrodinium instriatum occurred under the following conditions： water temperature 27.51～29.81 ℃,salinity 20.06～31.94,air temperature 22.7～30.4 ℃,wind speed 0.3～12.0 m/s,air pressure 995.9～1 002.0 hPa and the relative humidity 72%～98%.Reduce of wind speed and air pressure,increase of water temperature and salinity,and the decrease of precipitation were found to be the marine environmental inducement of red tide onset.It was also revealed that the El Ni？o event in 2002 in the Equatorial Pacific,which induced the abnormal change of water temperature,salinity,wind speed,relative humidity and air pressure in the southeast coastal water of China and the precipitation of Guangdong Province,had an important impact on the red tide occurrence and development.

关 键 词：广东沿海 赤潮 海洋水文气象 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]