一株野鸭源基因Ⅲ型新城疫病毒主要生物学特性及基因组序列测定分析  

Biological characteristics and genome analysis of genotype Ⅲ Newcastle disease virus isolated from mallard duck

作　　者：石跃[1] 刘怀然[1] 刘培欣[1] 李东伟[2] 杨煦[3] 华育平[2] 孔宪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所兽医生物技术国家重点实验室/禽传染病研究室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2011年第5期391-394,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD06A03);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2008-13)

摘　　要：为研究分离自黑龙江三江自然保护区的野生绿头鸭粪拭子中的一株新城疫病毒(命名为Mallard/CH/HLJ383/06)主要生物学特性及基因组序列,本实验对病毒F基因序列进行测定,结果表明该病毒分离株属于NDV基因Ⅲ型,病毒的1日龄雏鸡脑内致病指数(ICPI)为1.81,高于NDV中等毒力病毒株ICPI值,预示该病毒分离株毒力有增强趋势。15日龄SPF鸡致病性试验表明,该病毒分离株可导致雏鸡发病但不死亡,致病性仍低于与其ICPI值相近的基因Ⅶ型毒株。对该病毒分离株进行全基因组序列分析表明:该病毒分离株与Ⅰ系疫苗病毒Mukteswar、江苏2株基因Ⅲ型分离株(JS/7/05/Ch,JS/9/05/Go)结构蛋白氨基酸同源性高达99.0%～99.7%;与疫苗株Mukteswar相比,3株基因Ⅲ型病毒分离株在F蛋白中只有1个共同的氨基酸位点变异(A203T);HN蛋白中存在15个变异氨基酸,但位置各不相同;L蛋白中变异位点最多,为28个,其中有4个变异位点为3个分离株所共有。以上结果初步表明,Mallard/CH/HLJ383/06株可能是由疫苗株Mukteswar在野禽、家禽生态系统中传播进化而来,并由于宿主或免疫压力而发生毒力变异;分离株L蛋白氨基酸位点的变异,可能是导致病毒株毒力返强主要因素之一。A Newcastle disease virus （NDV）, designated Mallard/CH/HLJ383/06/06 （WB383）, was isolated from mallards in Heilongjiang area, and classified into genotype Ⅲ of NDV. However, the ICPI values of isolate was 1.81, which higher than the 1.50 standard to typical mesogenic NDV strains, and exhibited a tendency of heighted virulence compared with vaccine strain Mukteswar. WB383 could induce 15-days-old SPF chickens clinical symptom but no death, which indicated that its pathogenicity was lower than those of NDV genotype VII strains. The sequence alignment showed that WB383 had 99.0% to 100% homology with genotype Ⅲ NDV strain such as vaccine strain Mukteswar and other two Jiangsu isolates of JS/7/05/Ch and JS/9/05/Go. Compared with the vaccine strain Mukteswar, isolates of WB383, JS/7/05/Ch and JS/9/05/Go had only one common amino acid mutation in F protein at position 203 （A-T）. Additionally, a total of 15 amino acid mutations were found in HN protein with different position in WB383, JS/7/05/Ch, and JS/9/05/Go. There were 28 amino acid mutations appeared in L protein, four of them were identical in WB383, JS/7/05/Chand JS/9/05/Go strains. The results showed that WB383 isolate might be evolved from vaccine strain Mukteswar in wild birds. The pathegenicity of the NDV isolate might be tendency to increase because of the pressure of different host and immunity. Furthermore, the analysis of the amino acid sequences indicated that the main amino acid mutations focus on the L protein might be the main factors for increasing virulence of WB383 strain.

关 键 词：新城疫病毒 野鸭 基因Ⅲ型 毒力 基因组 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]