农村留守老人健康状况的影响因素研究  

Health Status of Rural Elderly with Migrant Children and Associated Factors

作　　者：罗敏[1] 姜倩[1] 张菊英[1] 谭玲[2] 应桂英 甘华平 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,成都610041 [2]四川省卫生厅,成都610041 [3]四川省卫生信息中心,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2011年第3期409-412,共4页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：四川省卫生厅科研基金(项目编号080321)资助

摘　　要：目的探讨子女外出务工等因素对四川省农村老年人的健康状况的影响,为后续相关研究的展开和卫生部门政策制定提供基础与借鉴。方法利用四川省第四次国家卫生服务调查西部扩点资料,对四川省农村留守与非留守老人一般人口学特征、两周患病和慢性病患病情况进行描述性分析;结合数据实际,采用双反应变量模型分析子女外出务工、人口学特征和家庭特征等因素对农村老人两周患病和半年内患慢性病情况的影响。结果四川省农村留守老人两周患病率和慢性病患病率分别为44.0%和44.5%,高于西部农村老人平均水平;留守老人两周患病率、慢性病患病率与非留守老人基本相同,仅顺位有所差别;性别、是否有子女外出务工、居住方式(是否有子女共居)是农村老人两周患病和患慢性病情况的主要影响因素,且子女外出务工对不与任何子女共居(独居、与配偶/孙辈共居)和有子女共居的家庭中的留守老人健康状况影响不同。结论与非留守老人相比,四川省农村留守老人的整体健康状况较差;留守老人疾病别患病率顺位较为特殊,椎间盘疾病更为严重,这可能与留守老人日常劳动负荷较大有关;留守老人的健康问题比较严重,尤其是不与任何子女共居家庭的留守老人。社会各界都应重视农村留守老人的健康问题,应采取相应的措施改善其健康状况。Objective To determine the influence of children migration on the health of rural elderly in Sichuan province,and to provide reference for the subsequent research and health policy making.Methods Data used in the analysis were extracted from the expanded database for Western China collected in the Fourth National Health Survey in Sichuan province.The prevalence of acute illness in two weeks and the prevalence of chronic illness in the rural elderly were analysed and compared between those with different demographic characteristics and those with and without migrant children using a bivariate multi-level regression model.Results The prevalence of acute illness in two weeks and the prevalence of chronic illness in the rural elderly with migrant children were 44.0% and 44.5% respectively,significantly higher than the average level of elderly population in western rural China.No significant differences in the prevalence of two-week acute illness and the prevalence of chronic illness were observed in spite of the differences in the rank orders of diseases between whose with and without migrant children.Gender,children migration and living arrangements had a significant influence on the prevalence of acute illness in two weeks and the prevalence of chronic illness of the rural elderly.The influence of children migration differed between those who shared houses with other children and those who did not（alone or with spouse/grandchildren）.Conclusion Rural elderly with migrant children have poorer health than those without migrant children,especially those who live alone or with spouses and grandchildren only.The elderly with migrant children bear a greater burden of spinal disk disease perhaps because of their heavier physical workload.Greater attention needs to be paid to the health of the rural elderly with migrant children.

关 键 词：外出务工 农村 留守老人 健康状况 双反应变量模型 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]