半干旱区中耕深松对土壤水分和作物产量的影响  

Effect of Subsoiling on Soil Water and Crop Yield in Semi-arid Area

作　　者：肖继兵[1] 孙占祥[2] 杨久廷[1] 张玉龙[3] 郑家明[2] 刘洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水土保持研究所,辽宁朝阳122000 [2]辽宁省农业科学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]沈阳农业大学,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第3期709-714,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：十一五国家科技支撑计划"东北风沙半干旱区林粮结合技术集成与示范(2006BAD29B06)"资助

摘　　要：为了提高半干旱区旱作农田对天然降雨的利用率,打破犁底层,增加雨水入渗,达到蓄水保墒、提高作物产量的目的,2008-2009年在朝阳半干旱区对旱地玉米和大豆进行中耕深松试验。研究表明,深松能打破犁底层,降低表层土壤容重和根系穿透阻力,提高土壤孔隙度。与对照相比,深松可以增加土壤含水量并可以提高水分入渗深度,深松区土壤水分入渗深度可达80 cm左右,未深松区土壤水分入渗深度只有40 cm左右。深松使玉米根干重增加幅度为3.6%-6.1%,使大豆根干重增加15.1%,并使大豆主根系入土深度增加3 cm,玉米增产幅度1.9%-11.3%,在干旱年份增产效果明显,大豆增产19.47%。In order to improve the utilization of natural rainfall in the dry farmland in the semi-arid area,break up plough pan,increase rainfall infiltration,achieve the purpose of water conservation and enhance the crop production,the subsoiling experiment on dryland corn and soybean made in the semi-arid area in Chaoyang in 2008-2009.The study shows that subsoiling can break up plough pan,decrease soil bulk density of surface layer and penetration resistence of the root system,increase soil porosity.Subsoiling can increase soil water content and enhance water infiltration depth to 80 cm compared with the control whose depth is only 40 cm.The root dry weight of maize is increased by 3.6%-6.1%,and the root dry weight of soybean is increased by 15.1%,and the length of taproot is increased by 3.0 cm through subsoiling.Maize yield is increased by 1.9%-11.3%,and stimulation effect is obvious in a dry year,and soybean yield is increased by 19.47%.

关 键 词：半干旱区 深松 土壤水分 玉米 大豆 产量 

分 类 号：S152.75[农业科学—土壤学] S157.42[农业科学—农业基础科学]