小流域土壤可蚀性的空间变异及其在不同土地类型下的比较  

Spatial Variability of Soil Erodibility and its Comparison between Different Landuse Types of Small Watershed

作　　者：周璟[1,2] 张旭东[2] 何丹[3] 周金星[2] 王中建 

机构地区：[1]广州地理研究所,广东广州510070 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]慈利县林业局,湖南张家界415300

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第3期715-720,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑项目“长江中下游低山丘陵生态退化区植被恢复技术试验示范”(2006BAD03A16)资助

摘　　要：以武陵山区女儿寨小流域为研究区,在流域内进行高密度采样的基础上,利用EPIC模型中土壤可蚀性K值计算方法与地统计学分析方法计算并分析了流域土壤可蚀性K值及其空间变异,结合流域土地利用图,运用面积加权平均计算了各土地利用类型下的K值并进行比较,结果表明：流域K值变化范围为0.2451-0.4623,均值为0.3289,变异系数为0.1295,流域K值存在中等程度的空间变异。K值总体分布趋势为从流域海拔低处向海拔高处逐渐减小,受人为干扰较多的区域其K值也较高。各土地利用类型下的面积加权平均K值,以果园0.3769最大,油桐0.2607最小,植被类型下的K值均低于除耕地外受人为影响因素较大的地类,说明植被在不同程度上改善了土壤性质,提高了土壤的抗侵蚀能力,但K值的大小与植被类型的差异有关。Taking the small watershed in Nverzhai of Wuling Mountain as study area,this paper calculated soil erodibility（K-factor）and analyzed its spatial variability by using EPIC model and geostatistical method based on large sampling densities in watershed.Combining with landuse map,this study compared K values of different land use types by using area weighted average method.The result showed that K values were between 0.2451-0.4623.Mean of K value was 0.3289 and variance coefficient was 0.1295.Spatial variability of K had comparatively significant difference.The whole distribution tendency was higher in low elevation than in high elevation.K value was also high in areas where further affected by human activity.The maximum of K value was in orchard（0.3769） and the minimum was in Tung tree（0.2607）.K values of vegetation types were generally lower than the areas further affected by human activity except farmland.This showed vegetation improved soil quality and ability to resist soil erosion of different degree,but K values correlated to vegetation type.

关 键 词：土壤可蚀性 空间变异 土地类型 山区小流域 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]