雷琼地区玄武岩发育时间序列土壤中植硅体特征及其发生学意义  

PHYTOLITHS IN CHRONOSEQUENCE SOILS DERIVED FROM BASALT IN LEIQIONG AREA AND ITS IMPLICATION IN PEDOGENESIS

作　　者：张瑾[1,2] 李辉信[1] 李德成[2] 张甘霖[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008

出　　处：《土壤学报》2011年第3期453-460,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(No.KZCX2-YW-409);国家自然科学基金项目(40771091;40625001)资助

摘　　要：对雷琼地区发育于玄武岩跨度为0.01-6.12 M a时间序列土壤中植硅体的含量和形态进行了研究。结果表明：（1）土壤中植硅体的含量为1.54-21.95 g kg^-1,其随着土壤深度的增加而降低;从新成土到富铁土阶段急剧降低,从富铁土到铁铝土阶段降幅明显减少,进入铁铝土阶段则基本趋于稳定。（2）植硅体主要源于禾本科、棕榈科植物,大小在5-130μm之间,形态包括刺球型、哑铃型、扇型、长方型、方型、鞍型、帽型、棒型、尖型、齿型、圆型和其他12种植硅体类型。所有样品中的温暖指数值均大于0.5,说明6.12 M a以来研究区域基本以温暖气候为主。Content and morphotype of phyoliths was studied in a soil chronosequence consisting of five soil profiles developed from basalt ranging in age from 10 000 years to 6.12 million years in tropical Leiqiong area.It was found that 1） the content of phytoliths in the soils,ranging from 1.54 to 21.95 g kg^-1,was high in the surface horizon and decreased with the depth in profile;its drop was sharp from entisols to ferrosols and less significant from ferrosols to ferralsols,and then leveled off after entering ferrosols;2） originated mainly from poaceae and palmae,the phytoliths ranged from 5 to 130 μm in size and appeared in 12 shapes,e.g.spherical echinate,dumbbell,fan,rectangular,square,saddle,hat,rod,tapered,crenate,round and others.The phytolith samples were all0.5 in warmth index,indicating the study area has basically been under a warm climate since 6.12 Ma.

关 键 词：玄武岩 土壤发生 植硅体 时间序列土壤 

分 类 号：S152.1[农业科学—土壤学]