北京山区栓皮栎水源涵养林空间结构特征研究  

Spatial Structure Characteristic of Quercus variabilis Forest in Xishan Mountain of Beijing

作　　者：赵阳[1] 余新晓[1] 宋思铭[1] 张艺[1] 杨芝歌[1] 王贺年[1] 邓文平[1] 

机构地区：[1]水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第3期41-47,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目“典型森林植被对水资源形成过程的调控研究”(201104005);国家“十二五”科技支撑项目“海河上游水源涵养林体系构建技术研究与示范”(2011BAD38B05)

摘　　要：以地面三维激光扫描技术作为林分资源调查的手段,采用"多站式"扫描方法来获取栓皮栎水源涵养林标准地内林木树种、树高、胸高断面积等测树因子,应用传统林分结构因子配合混交度、大小比数等参数并结合点格局分析法研究了北京西山栓皮栎水源涵养林林分的空间结构特征。结果表明:(1)栓皮栎水源涵养林乔木层共由16个树种组成,群落垂直结构明显,呈现出典型的复层林结构特征;(2)栓皮栎水源涵养林林分平均混交度为0.32,处于弱度混交范畴;(3)栓皮栎、油松、槲树、刺槐种群在林分空间结构单元中以优势木、亚优势木和中庸木为主,分别占种群总株数的67%、51%、71%和57%,其他树种优势度不明显;(4)栓皮栎种群的空间点格局在所研究的尺度(30 m)上呈显著性聚集分布,在种群间的空间关联性上,栓皮栎种群和其主要伴生树种元宝枫种群在所研究的尺度上,二者之间关联性为显著性负关联,竞争激烈。This study investigated the application of terrestrial laser scanning for providing quantitative forest parameters at the plot-level by using ＇multi-stop＇ scanning method for determining stand parameters such as the tree height,basal area and other parameters.This paper described the spatial structural characteristics of one plot-level stand of Quercus variabilis forests in Xishan Mountain of Beijing using mingling degree,neighborhood comparison and the method of point pattern analysis.The results showed that there were sixteen species in arbor layer of Quercus variabilis forests and the stand has a vertical structure showing a typical structure of the complex character.The average mingling degree of the whole stand was 0.32,suggesting the low mingling degree of stands.In the spatial structural units,Quercus variabilis,Pinus tabulaeformis,Quercus dentata and Robinia pseudoacacia were mainly of dominant,sub-dominant and intermediate trees,accounting for 67%,51%,71% and 57% of the total plants of the populations,respectively,while the advantages of other populations were not obvious.Quercus variabilis took a significant aggregation distribution on the research scale（30 m）.The space correlation of Quercus variabilis and Acer truncatum is mainly negative association on the research scale,the interspecific competition is very fierce.

关 键 词：三维激光扫描 点云数据 水源涵养 空间结构 点格局分析 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] S727.21