一种按需多径的无线传感器网络簇头路由协议  

An on-demand multi-path cluster head routing protocol for wireless sensor networks

作　　者：杜治高[1,2] 钱德沛[1] 刘轶[1] 李世晗[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学中德联合软件技术研究所,北京100191 [2]中国石油安全环保技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2011年第5期458-464,共7页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：863计划（2009AA012144,2009AA012107）,国家自然科学基金（60673180）,科技部国际合作重点项目（2006DFA11080）和科技部国际合作项目（2010DFA11670）资助.

摘　　要：针对分簇无线传感器网络中簇头之间通信联通难以保证，由簇头构成的多跳网络拓扑频繁变化的特点，提出了一种按需多径的簇头路由（OMCHR）协议。对比现有按需路由协议，其创新之处在于：（1）利用层ID限制路由控制消息的广播转发，并控制传输路径的跳数；（2）在路由发现过程中根据需要任命部分成员节点充当路由节点，保证簇头间的通信联通；（3）根据路径的剩余能量、跳数、传输可靠性等因素，采取多径传输方式进行负载均衡。实验表明，采用OMCHR协议，无线传感器网络的传输可靠性至少比现有协议提高30％，网络数据收集的效率至少比现有协议提高3倍左右。Considering that the cluster head communication connectivity of cluster-based wireless sensor networks is not guaranteed and the multi-hop network topology consisting of cluster heads changes frequently, the paper proposes a new on-demand multi-path cluster head muting （OMCHR） protocol. Compared with the present protocols, the OMCHR protocol has the following innovative characteristics： firstly, the Tier-ID is used to limit the broadcast of muting control messages and control the hops of transmission paths; secondly, the cluster head communication connectivity is guaranteed by nominating gateway nodes; thirdly, based on the residual energy, the count of hops and the communication reliability of transmission paths, multi-path transmission is adopted to improve the load balance. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing protocols, the OMCHR protocol can improve the transmission reliability by at least 30%, and improve the network productivity at least by 3 times.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络(WSN) 分簇 簇头路由 多径传输j按需 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]