小麦-簇毛麦属间染色体易位系的高效诱导  

High Induction of Intergeneric Chromosome Translocation Lines Between Wheat and Haynaldia villosa

作　　者：曹亚萍[1,2] 别同德[3] 陈佩度[2] 范绍强[1] 周元成[1] 张姝敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,临汾041000 [2]南京农业大学/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京210095 [3]江苏省里下河地区农业科学研究所,扬州225007

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2011年第3期437-441,共5页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871519);山西省农业科学院博士研究基金项目(YBSJJ0903)

摘　　要：利用60Coγ射线以不同剂量照射硬粒小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体即将成熟的花粉,将其授于母本中国春,创造出一批包含小麦-簇毛麦易位染色体的材料,对这些材料用中国春进行连续回交或自交,可有效保留簇毛麦染色体片段,实现外源基因的转移。研究结果表明,60Coγ射线照射花粉后产生易位染色体的频率因剂量不同而有显著差异,12 Gy和8 Gy剂量照射后杂交的M1群体中,产生小麦-簇毛麦易位染色体的单株分别占调查总数的76.7%和50.0%,均显著高于用其他方法创造易位的频率,并且12 Gy较8 Gy产生了更优的易位类型;创制的易位染色体有67.6%可以从M1传递到BC1,BC1的易位染色体有96.4%可传递到BC2;在回交后代中,加以人为选择,整条簇毛麦染色体很快丢失,至BC2F2即有纯合易位株出现。A set of materials with Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa translocation chromosomes were created using cv.＇Chinese Spring＇（CS）as female and Triticum durum-Haynaldia villosa amphiploid as male whose pollen was treated with 60Co-γ-ray in different dose.Then the set of materials were backcrossed with CS or self-crossed,H.villosa chromosome segments were reserved in M1 or BC1 so that alien genes were transferred into wheat.The results showed that frequency of induced translocation chromosomes were significant different using different irradiation doses of 60Co-γ-ray.The plants with T.aestivum-H.villosa translocations induced by 12 Gy and 8 Gy hold 76.7% and 50.0% in M1 generation,respectively,and better translocations types were induced by 60Co-γ-ray with 12 Gy dose.67.6% of these translocations were passed from M1 to BC1,and 96.4% from BC1 to BC2.Alien whole chromosomes were rapidly lost,some pure translocations were obtained in BC2F2.

关 键 词：小麦-簇毛麦 花粉辐射 易位染色体 传递率 纯合易位 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]