栉孔扇贝、虾夷扇贝及其杂交子代的群体遗传多样性分析  

Genetic variation of Chlamys farreri,Patinopecten yessoensis and their hybrids

作　　者：于涛[1,2] 杨爱国[1] 周丽青[1] 吴彪[1] 刘志鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2011年第3期574-580,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA10A408);国家科技支撑计划专题项目(2006BAD01A00);山东省自然科学资金青年基金项目(ZR2009DQ006);青岛市科技计划基础研究项目(09-1-3-12-jch);中央级公益性基本科研业务费专向资助项目(2009-chb-06)

摘　　要：采用扩增片段长度多态性(Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism,AFLP)标记对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri,♀)、虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis,♂)及其F1群体的遗传多样性进行分析。5对引物组合共扩增得到315个位点,其中311个为多态位点,总的多态位点比例为98.73%。栉孔扇贝、虾夷扇贝及其F1群体的Shannon信息指数分别为0.477 1±0.260 6、0.423 9±0.277 7、0.548 8±0.220 9;3个群体的Nei’s基因多样性指数分别为0.329 1±0.185 0、0.289 7±0.195 9、0.382 8±0.161 2,表明杂交子代群体的遗传多样性水平比2个亲本群体都高。栉孔扇贝与虾夷扇贝群体间的遗传距离为0.411 6,栉孔扇贝与F1群体间的遗传距离是0.131 6,虾夷扇贝与F1群体间的遗传距离是0.278 0,表明杂种子代与母本栉孔扇贝遗传距离较近。聚类分析显示,虾夷扇贝群体、栉孔扇贝群体以及F1群体的所有个体分别聚到一起,且都形成独立群体;分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示,变异来源有30.47%来自群体间,有69.53%来自群体内,表明群体内的遗传多样性比较丰富。杂种优势的产生与群体遗传多态性有关。Amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） technology was used to analyze the genetic variation and genetic structure among three populations of Chlamys farreri（♀）, Patinopecten yessoensis（♂）and their offspring F1. In total, 315 loci were amplified with five primer pairs, and 311 of these loci were polymorphic, accounting for 98.73%. Shannon genetic diversity indices were 0.477 1±0.260 6, 0.423 9±0.277 7 and 0.548 8±0.220 9, respectively for the female parent, the male parent and FI, while Nei＇s gene diversities were 0.329 1±0.185 0, 0.289 7±0.195 9 and 0.382 8±0.161 2, respectively. The genetic distance between C. farreri and P. yessoensis was 0.411 6, while it was 0.131 6 between F1 and their female parents, and 0.278 0 between F I and their male parents. The dendrograms showed that the three population gathered independently, which indicated that each population was independent. AMOVA analysis indicated that 30.47% of variance was among populations and 69.53% variance was within populations, which suggested rich genetic diversity level within populations. In all, the expression of heterosis has a correlation with the genetic variation.

关 键 词：栉孔扇贝 虾夷扇贝 F1 AFLP 遗传多样性 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]